Buddhism
The 4 sights
Old man, Sick man, Dead man, and monk
the Buddha's real name
Siddhartha Gautama
The earth's highest peak and the mountains it is in
What is Mount Everest in the Himalayas?
how you live this life will influence the next life
Karma
The rebirth of the soul
Reincarnation
Describe India's first civilizations and the ideal family.
Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro are two advanced civilizations that flourished at this time. Both cities were large with 35,000-40,000 people.
Main streets ran in a north-south direction and were crossed by smaller east-west roads.
Had large walled neighborhoods. Buildings were constructed from mud bricks baked in ovens.
Public wells provided water and bathrooms featured an advanced drainage system.
A system of chutes took garbage from houses to street-level garbage bins.
Religion and political power were closely linked. There was also extensive trade- copper, lumber, precious stones, cotton, and various types of luxury goods.
First writing based on Sanskrit These writings reveal that India was made up of small kingdoms.
The ideal family was three generations-grandparents, parents, and kids all living under one roof together.
society controlled by men. Only males could inherit property and were educated.
Divorce was not allowed, but a husband could take a second wife if the first wife couldn't bear children.
Buddha meaning
What is the Awakened one
Had Food tasters and specially trained women warriors to guard his palace, began the first Indian empire.
Who is Chandragupta Maurya?
The two rivers in the Indus valley
What are the Indus & Ganges rivers
society controlled by men
patriarchal
The 3 main gods
Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma
Describe the middle way and how it came to be in Buddhism
Siddhartha lived in a palace living a life of extreme luxury. He leaves the palace follow a life of extreme self-denial and discipline for six years, but this did not satisfy him; he still had not escaped from the world of suffering
He abandoned the strict lifestyle of self-denial but did not return to the pampered luxury of his early life. Instead, he pursued the Middle Way, which is just what it sounds like; neither luxury nor poverty.
The name of the tree under which Buddha reach enlightenment
Bodhi Tree
The brought the Caste System to India and introduced Hinduism
The Aryans
according to Hindus, the single force in the universe
What is the Brahman?
divine law
Dharma
Beneath the Caste System, not part of it.
Untouchables
Describe 3 similarities and 3 differences between Hinduism & Buddhism.
answers may vary
The 4 noble truths
Life is filled with Suffering
Cause of Suffering is desire
To cease suffering one must cease desiring
The path to end suffering is the noble 8 fold path
The most successful and powerful ruler of the Maurya Dynasty.
Who is Ashoka?
goal of a Hindu
What is Moksha (nirvana)
levels of the cast system
what are varnas
The four castes and their job areas
Brahmin (Priests)
Kshatriya (Warriors/Administrators)
Vaishya (Producers/Farmers/Merchants/Artisans)
Shudra (Servants/Laborers)
Tell me about the Gupta dynasty
Gupta rule was looser than Mauryan; individuals held more power (elections). Trade and farming flourished and Children were educated in schools beyond the basic religion & philosophy including literature, physics, and math.
Invented concept of 1-9, Concept of ZERO, decimal system, and pi
Treated illnesses & injuries with herbs & remedies, Set broken bones & preformed surgeries and used vaccinations
The eight fold path
Famous poet & playwright who wrote Shakuntala
Who is Kalidasa?
Arid, unproductive, & sparsely populated it lacks water for irrigation.
What is the Deccan Plateau?
required a wife to throw herself on her husband's burning fire pyre or face disgrace.
Suttee
collections of hymns and religious ceremonies that were passed down orally by priests before being written down.
Vedas
Tell me about Ashoka
The Mauryan Army under Ashoka was the largest standing military force of its time it had: 600,000 infantry, or foot soldiers, 30,000 cavalry, or soldiers on horseback 9,000 war elephants. A vast spy network collected intelligence for both internal and external security purposes.
After a battle that killed hundreds of thousands, Ashoka converted to Buddhism, rejected violence, and resolved rule by moral example
Ashoka had his edicts (official orders or decree issued by someone in authority) carved on cave walls, on stone, and on towering pillars across India.
They combined words, along with Buddhist symbols, and animals, such as elephant and lions.
His edicts urged his citizens to unite by practicing Buddhist values and treating one another respectfully.
Were posted along important roads and at important locations.
Ashoka followed Buddhist principles sent missionaries to spread religion across India & Sri Lanka (laid foundation of religion throughout Asia) and was Tolerant of other religions.