VERY EASY
Q: What is budding?
A: Budding is a type of asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops from a small outgrowth on the parent body.
Q. Name a multicellular animal that reproduces by budding.
Hydra.
Q: What happens to the bud after it matures in organisms like hydra?
A: It detaches and becomes an independent organism.
Q: How is budding different from binary fission?
A: In budding, the new organism grows from the parent’s body as an outgrowth and may remain attached for a while; in binary fission, the organism splits into two equal parts.
Q: If a yeast cell undergoes a mutation before budding, will the bud carry the mutation? Why?
A: Yes, because the genetic material is copied and passed directly to the offspring.
Q: Is budding sexual or asexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction.
Q: What kind of cell division is involved in budding?
A: Mitosis.
Q: Why does budding not lead to genetic variation?
A: Because the offspring is produced by mitosis and inherits the exact DNA from the parent.
Q: Why do organisms that reproduce by budding tend to form colonies?
A: Because the buds often stay attached to the parent, forming a group of genetically identical individuals.
Q: Why is budding considered an efficient method of reproduction in microorganisms like yeast?
A: It allows rapid population growth without the need for a mate, especially in nutrient-rich environments.
Q: Name one organism that reproduces by budding.
Yeast, Hydra, flat worms
Q: What do we call the small structure that grows on the parent’s body during budding?
A: A bud.
Q: What is the role of the nucleus in budding in yeast?
A: The nucleus divides and one part moves into the bud.
Q: Name a plant propagation technique that mimics natural budding.
A: Grafting or artificial budding (used in horticulture).
Q: How can budding in hydra be used as a model to study regeneration?
A: Because it involves regrowth of complete structures from a few cells, which is similar to regenerative processes.
Q: How many parents are involved in budding?
One parent.
Q: Which common kitchen fungus reproduces through budding?
A: Yeast.
Q: How does the growth rate of budding organisms change in the presence of nutrients?
A: It increases; budding happens faster in nutrient-rich environments.
Q: Why is budding more common in unicellular and simple multicellular organisms?
A: Because their structure allows easy replication of cells and simpler growth of new individuals.
Q: Why might farmers prefer vegetative propagation methods like budding in plants?
A: Because it produces plants with the same desirable traits as the parent and is faster than growing from seed.
Are the offspring produced by budding genetically different or identical?
Genetically identical (clones).
Q: In what type of environments is budding most effective?
A: Stable environments.
Q: What kind of scar is left on the yeast cell after repeated budding?
A: A bud scar.
Q: What could be a disadvantage of budding in changing environments?
A: Lack of genetic variation may make the population less adaptable to changes.
Q: How does repeated budding in yeast impact its surface?
A: It results in multiple bud scars that can eventually slow down reproduction.