What are 1) occupy space 2) compete for nutrients with pathogens 3) Stimulate the immune system 4) Suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria and/or fungal organisms
100
The most common causative organism associated with urinary tract infections.
What is Escherichia coli?
100
Elevation in this cell line of the Complete Blood Count (CBC) differential is indicative of a "left shift".
What is neutrophil?
100
The drug of choice for the treatment of syphilis.
What is penicillin G?
200
This organism's Gram-stain is reported as Gram-positive cocci in pairs.
What is Streptococcus pneumoniae?
200
These Gram-positive ogranisms are commonly encountered normal flora of the skin.
What are Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp.?
200
The two most common causative oganisms associated with skin and soft tissue infections.
What are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes?
200
These are laboratory markers that may support the presence of an infectious process.
What are 1) elevated WBC 2) isolation of organism(s) on culture 3) Positive antigen/antibody/DNA testing 4) elevated CRP/ESR 5) Complement?
200
The drug of choice for Group A Streptococcus.
What is penicillin?
300
All of these organisms are Gram-positive rods, except:
Listeria monocytogenes
Enterococcus faecalis
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Lactobacillus spp.
What is Enterococcus spp.?
300
You might encounter Candida spp. as part of the normal flora in this anatomical location.
What is the lower GI tract?
300
The most common causative organism for bone and joint infections.
What is Staphylococcus aureus?
300
All of these parameters are considered systemic manifestations that may support the presence of an infectious process, except:
fever
pain
rigors
hypotension
What is pain?
300
The drug of choice for methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA).
What is nafcillin/oxacillin/dicloxacillin?
400
All of these organisms are classified as Enterobacteriaceae, except:
Echerichia coli
Enterobacter cloacae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Klebsiella pneumoniae
What is Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
400
Several body sites are considered sterile, name three.
What are the 1) bloostream 2) cerebrospinal fluid 3) pleural fluid 4) peritoneal fluid 5) pericardial fluid 6) synovial fluid 7) bone 8) organs 9) urine 10) lower bronchi and alveoli?
400
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common causative organism associated with these three types of infections.
What are upper respiratory tract, lower respiratory tract, and central nervous system infections?
400
These manifestations are common localized indicators of an infectious process often associated with a skin and soft tissue infection.
What are 1) pain 2) inflammation 3) erythema 4) purulent discharge 5) warmth 6) edema
400
The drug of choice for Gram-positive cocci in pairs,in chains.
What is ampicillin?
500
Name two organisms classified as yeasts.
What are Candida spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans?
500
The anatomic site where you may encounter Haemophilus spp.
What is the upper respiratory tract?
500
Empiric antibacterial activity for a patient with a chronically infected diabetic foot ulcer includes these types of organisms.
What are Gram-positive (including S.aureus), Gram-negative (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and anaerobes?
500
Besides laboratory, localized, and systemic indicators of infection, data to support the presence of an infectious process may come from this type of medical testing.
What is radiographic imaging?
500
The drug of choice for Gram-negative anaeobic organisms.