Random
'Fight before surrender' was the motto of...
Bushrangers
When and where did the First Fleet arrive?
1788 in Sydney Cove
What is the name of the uprising that happened on the goldfields?
The Eureka Stockade
The Eight-Hour Workday
When did Australia become a Federated Nation?
January 1 1901
What was the name of the document Ned Kelly wrote?
The Jerilderie Letter
What does 'terra nullius' mean and why is it important?
The concept of 'land belonging to no-one' was used by the British to justify the claiming and occupation of Indigenous land.
Who was elected as the people's leader during the Eureka Stockade?
Peter Lalor
What is the name of the movement where women campaigned for their rights?
The Suffragette Movement
Who is said to be the 'father of Federation'?
Sir Henry Parkes
What was the policy that restricted immigration to Australia?
The White Australia Policy
What is Batman's Treaty?
A supposed agreement between John Batman and a group of Wurundjeri elders for the purchase of land around Port Phillip. This 'treaty' was rejected by British Governors who claimed that all land was owned by "the Crown' and could therefore not be purchased anyway. Scholars today question the validity of this treaty.
Name three different nationalities that immigrated to Australia in the hopes of finding gold.
The majority of diggers were British, Scottish, Irish, Welsh, and Chinese; although there were also people from New Zealand, America, France, Italy, Germany, Poland, and Hungary.
When did women in Victoria receive the right to vote?
1908
Who was the first Australian Prime Minister?
Edmund Barton
Name two instances where racial tensions have been present in Australian history.
- Indigenous conflict during settlement
- Chinese conflict on the goldfields
- White Australia Policy
Name two massacres that occurred during this time.
Faithfull, Myall Creek, Coniston, Black Mountain, Pinjarra, Gippsland, Major Nunn, Wiraduji, Cullin la Ringo, Hornet Bank, Appin.
It is said that the gold fields were "egalitarian". What does this word mean?
Egalitarian means equal opportunity. The goldfields were a level playing field where ordinary people had the exact same opportunity - to find gold and strike it rich!
What were the outcomes of the Eureka Stockade?
- reduced miner's fee
- replacement of the miner's committee
- freedom of speech
- the right to vote
- a commitment to political equality
- representatives on the Legislative Council
Give three reasons for Federation.
- strengthen the economy
- unified defence instead of dispersed colonial forces, different railway gauges and training. Used by Henry Parkes as the main reason to federate.
- fear of Germany, Russia and France
- telegraph and rail would be regulated
- national workers rights
- to have one culture: British background with one language (English) and one religion (Christian)
Describe the working conditions in early Melbourne.
- Men and women worked 10 to 16 hours per day
- Employees were expected to work six days a week
- Uncontrolled temperatures
- Employees were afraid of losing their jobs, so they did not report their employers.
- Employers had all the power, sometimes refusing to implement government directions to improve conditions.
Give two reasons to explain why the Indigenous population decreased so dramatically during British Settlement.
- massacres and violence
- land was taken
- food sources and medicines depleted
- diseases like smallpox, influenza, and tuberculosis
- loss of culture and lifestyle
Why did the Eureka Stockade occur?
The miners were frustrated by the expensive miner's licence, random licence checks, and lack of protection from gold field police, so they fought for their "rights and liberties".
Name two of the Suffragettes.
Vida Goldstein (Victoria), Catherine Helen Spence and Mary Lee (South Australia), Edith Cowan (Western Australia), Louisa Lawson (New South Wales) and Emma Miller (Queensland).
Give three reasons against Federation.
- small colonies feared power of larger colonies like Victoria and NSW
- people saw themselves as British, not ‘Australian’
- cost (to fix railways, celebration ceremonies,
to establish the government etc.).