Treaties & Borders
Why can a treaty cause borders on a map to change?
Answer: Because a country that loses a war may have to give up territory.
What is it called when countries negotiate and compromise to settle disagreements?
diplomacy
In SAFER, what does S stand for?
Security: protecting against war with the United States
What was the name for forcing sailors to join the British Navy?
Impressment
What is it called when a group is pressured/ forced to adopt another culture and lose its own identity?
Assimilation
What are the things a country gives up to make peace called?
Concessions
Why is the Seven Years’ War often called the French and Indian War in North America?
Because many First Nations were involved and formed alliances with European powers.
In SAFER, what does A stand for?
American Expansion: preventing Americans from taking land.
What two major problems did Lord Durham identify in the colonies?
Poor democratic government and deep cultural conflict.
What were the main language and religion of Canada East?
French and Catholicism.
Which three territories did France lose to Britain under the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713?
Acadia (Nova Scotia), Newfoundland, and Hudson’s Bay.
Which peacetime treaty extended the 49th parallel boundary to the Pacific Ocean?
The Treaty of 1818.
In SAFER, what does F stand for?
Financial Cost: Britain did not want to keep paying for the colony.
What is political deadlock?
Power struggles between the two regions that caused ongoing tension.
What type of representation did leaders in Canada West want?
Representation by population.
What three features helped define the U.S.–British North America boundary in 1783?
The Great Lakes, the St. Lawrence River, and the 45th parallel in some regions.
Why was the Treaty of 1818 important?
It helped clarify boundaries that were still unclear after earlier wars.
In SAFER, what does E stand for?
Economy and Trade: combining and stabilizing the economy.
How did John A. Macdonald and George-Étienne Cartier help solve political deadlock?
They supported federalism, which divides power between central and provincial governments.
What three things did Canada East want to protect before agreeing to Confederation?
Its language, religion, and legal system.
What did the Treaty of Ghent decide about captured land and the borders after the War of 1812?
Answer: Captured land was returned, and the borders went back to how they were before the war.
What happened to land captured during the War of 1812 when the Treaty of Ghent was signed?
All captured land was returned to its previous owners.
In SAFER, what does R stand for?
Responsible Government: having the people responsible for their own government
What is responsible government?
A government that is responsible to the people rather than to the British monarch or an appointed governor.
Why was English made the only official language of government under the Act of Union in 1841?
To promote English-speaking settlers in the West.