NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION
What major development marks the beginning of the Neolithic Revolution?
The development of agriculture/farming.
Which two rivers were associated with Mesopotamia?
The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
Which Indian ruler adopted Buddhism after experiencing the effects of war and promoted Buddhist ideas?
Ashoka.
Which Greek city-state was known for developing democracy?
Athens.
What type of government did Rome develop before becoming an empire?
A republic.
What does the term "domestication" mean?
The process of adapting plants or animals for human use.
Which river was especially important to the development of ancient Egypt?
The Nile River.
Which Chinese dynasty introduced the idea of the Mandate of Heaven?
The Zhou Dynasty.
Which Greek city-state was especially known for its military-focused society?
Sparta.
Name ONE major engineering achievement of the Romans
answers include roads, aqueducts, bridges, buildings, or other major engineering projects
Why did the development of agriculture lead people to establish permanent settlements?
Farming provided a more reliable food supply, allowing people to stay in one location rather than constantly moving to find food.
Name the river associated with the Indus Valley Civilization and one of its cities.
The Indus River; cities such as Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro.
Name TWO achievements or characteristics associated with the Gupta Empire.
Golden Age, advances in mathematics, science, medicine, and culture; the concept of zero and advances in the decimal system.
Name ONE achievement or area of influence associated with ancient Greece.
answers include democracy, philosophy, mathematics, science, theater, architecture, or the Olympic Games.
Why were Roman roads important to the Roman Empire?
They helped the military, trade, communication, and movement of people throughout the empire.
How did food surpluses change Neolithic societies?
Surpluses allowed populations to grow and allowed some people to specialize in jobs other than farming, contributing to trade, social classes, and more complex societies.
Why did so many early civilizations develop near rivers?
Rivers provided water, fertile soil, transportation, food, irrigation, and opportunities for trade.
What was the major goal of Qin Shi Huangdi's government after he unified China?
To create a centralized and unified China through strong government, standardization, and control.
What was the Royal Road, and why was it important to the Persian Empire?
It was a major Persian road system that improved transportation, communication, trade, and movement across the empire.
Name TWO factors that contributed to the fall of the Western Roman Empire.
answers include political problems, economic difficulties, military pressures, invasions/migrations, and difficulty governing such a large empire
Put these developments in the correct cause-and-effect order: civilization, agriculture, food surplus, permanent settlements, specialization.
Agriculture → Food Surplus → Permanent Settlements → Specialization → Civilization.
A civilization develops in a dry region but has access to a major river. Explain two ways the river could help that civilization develop.
The river could provide water for drinking and irrigation, fertile soil for farming, transportation, food, and trade.
Compare Confucianism and Legalism. How did their ideas about government differ?
Confucianism emphasized moral behavior, education, social order, and good relationships, while Legalism emphasized strong government, strict laws, and harsh punishments to maintain order.
Greece and Persia organized their societies differently. Give ONE major difference between the Greek city-states and the Persian Empire
Greece was divided into independent city-states such as Athens and Sparta, while Persia controlled a large, unified empire containing many different peoples and regions.
Explain TWO ways Rome influenced societies that came after it.
answers include Roman law influencing later legal systems, republican government influencing later governments, Roman engineering influencing later construction, Latin influencing languages, and Christianity spreading through and beyond the Roman world