Burkell Biology Review

Definitions

100

What is the definition of a variable?

Part of an experiment that may vary or change.

200

What is the definition of control?

A standard against which other conditions can be compared in a scientific experiment

300

What is the definition of hypothesis?

Tentative explanation for an observation, phenomenon, or scientific problem that can be tested by further investigation

400

What is an INDEPENDENT variable?

A manipulated variable in an experiment or study whose presence or degree determines the change in the dependent variable

500

What is a DEPENDENT variable?

The observed variable in an experiment or study whose changes are determined by the presence or degree of one or more independent variables

Cells

100

What are cells considered? (Cell Theory)

The basic unit of life, found in everything, or all cells come from pre-existing cells.

200

2X POINTS
What is the order of cell specialization?

Cells -> tissues -> organs -> organ systems -> organism

300

True or false

Every cell does the same thing

False

400

Finish the sentence.

As cells mature, their ___ and ___ change.

Shape, Contents.

500

Name the cell types.

Unicellular, multicellular, prokaryote, eukaryote

Macromolecules

100

Name the method used for determining the type of macromolecule.

_{Cho Cho Chon Chonps}

200

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

RNA is one side of the strand, DNA is two sides, forming a double helix.

300

Name the 5 organic compounds

Carbs, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, High-Energy Compounds.

400

What are carbohydrates made of?

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

500

Name the 6 elements in CHONPS

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur

Formulas

100

What is the formula for Lactic Acid Fermentation?

Glucose -> Lactic Acid + 2ATP

200

What is the formula for Alcoholic fermentation?

Glucose -> CO₂ + Alcohol + 2ATP

300

2X POINTS
What is the formula of Photosynthesis?

6CO₂ + 6H₂0 + Energy (From the sun) -> C₆H₁₂0₆ + 60₂

400

What is the formula for Cellular respiration?

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ -> 6CO₂ + ENERGY (36 ATP)

500

True or False

Fermentation makes the most ATP

False

Genetics/heredity

100

What determines the gene?

The sequence of nucleotides

200

What controls the expression of proteins and how?

DNA, it is transcribed into a "messenger" RNA, which is translated and turned by the cellular machinery into a protein.

300

True or False

In sexual reproduction, chromosomes can sometimes swamp sections during the process of meiosis.

True

400

How does the environment affect genes?

The environment can cause mutations and affect expressions of traits.

500

2X POINTS!

Finish the sentence

Although DNA replication is tightly ____ and remarkably accurate, _____ do occur and result in _____, which are a ____ source of ______ ______.

regulated, errors, mutations, good, genetic variation