Burn Basics
This zone of burn injury is closest to the source and results in tissue loss.
What is the zone of coagulation?
This is the most common acute transfusion reaction.
What is febrile, nonhemolytic reaction?
DIC is a paradoxical condition involving these two processes.
What are clotting and bleeding?
First action when a transfusion reaction is suspected.
What is stop the transfusion?
This condition can result from both severe burns and transfusion reactions due to widespread clotting and bleeding.
What is Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)?
Name two types of burns that require referral to a burn center.
What are electrical burns and inhalation injuries?
Before starting a transfusion, this must be obtained from the patient.
What is informed consent?
This lab test is commonly used to identify thrombosis in DIC.
What is D-Dimer?
This should be monitored closely in burn patients to assess fluid resuscitation.
What is urine output?
A client with extensive burns may require this blood product to restore clotting factors.
What is fresh frozen plasma (FFP)?
This formula is used to calculate fluid needs in burn patients.
What is the Parkland Burn Formula?
A Jehovah’s Witness may accept this blood derivative.
What is albumin, clotting factor concentrates, or immunoglobulins?
Name two risk factors for developing DIC
What are sepsis and pregnancy complications?
In DIC, nurses should monitor this vital sign change that may indicate hypovolemia.
What is hypotension or tachycardia?
This electrolyte imbalance is common in both burn injuries and transfusion reactions due to cell destruction.
What is hyperkalemia?
A full-thickness burn affects which layers of the skin?
What are the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue?
This reaction involves ABO incompatibility and can be life-threatening.
What is acute hemolytic reaction?
This blood product contains all clotting factors and is commonly used in DIC treatment.
What is fresh frozen plasma (FFP)?
This type of wound dressing contains antimicrobial agents like silver sulfadiazine.
What is topical antimicrobial dressing?
This nursing action is critical in both transfusion reactions and DIC to monitor for signs of shock.
What is frequent vital sign assessment?
This surgical procedure relieves pressure from stiff eschar.
What is an escharotomy?
This lung-related transfusion reaction causes noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.
What is TRALI (Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury)?
This anticoagulant may be prescribed for clients with active thrombosis in DIC.
What is heparin?
This lab value helps assess protein status and fluid management in burn patients.
What is albumin?
This lab test is elevated in both DIC and in clients with tissue damage from burns.
What is D-Dimer?