Major Depressive Disorder
What is Major Depressive Disorder?
-Mood siorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest
-discrete episodes that last for at least 2 weeks
-must experience 5 or more symptoms that cannot be atttributed to another condition
What is burnout?
physical, emotional, or mental exhaustion along with decreased motivation, lowered performance, and negative attitudes towards oneself and others
What is Stress?
the body's physical and mental response to change
What is a positive finding? Give example from the case
positive - when signs or symptoms of a disease or condition are seen in a physical exam
ex: increased uscle hypertonicity in bilateral suboccipital and trapezius musculature
Symptoms of MDD?
-feelings of sadness, tearfulness, emptiness, hopelessness
-loss of interest or pleasure in activities once enjoyed (anhedonia)
-weight loss or gain
-sleep disturbances (insomnia or hypersonia)
-anxiety, agitation, restlessness
-feeling worthless or guilty
-decreased concentration, trouble thinking, or making decisions
-Fatigue (loss of energy)
-Thoughts of death or suicide
Symptoms of burnout?
Fatigue
Feeling apathetic or dissatisfied with your work
Headaches
Changes in your diet or sleep patterns
What is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy?
type of talk therapy with a mental health counselor, helps individuals identify and cope with specific challenges
-used to treat depression, anxiety, alcohol and drug abuse, eating disorders, etc.
What are negative findings? Give an example from the case
negative - when no signs or symptoms of a disease or condition are seen in the physical exam
ex: No murmurs (regular rate and rhythm)
Risk Factors of MDD?
-Genetics: blood relatives with a history of depression, bipolar disorder, alcoholism, or suicide
-traumatic or stressful events
-serious or chronic illness
-certain medications
Risk Factors for Burnout?
heavy workload
struggles with work/life balance
working in a helping profession like healthcare
lack of control
What is the DSM - 5? what does it include? what does it not include?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
-guide for diagnosing mental disorders
-includes descriptions, symptoms, and other criteria needed to make a diagnosis
-does not include guidelines for treatment
Relationship between burnout and attention and memory for healthcare professionals
individuals with burnout have difficulty with memory and attention because cognitive functioning has been impaired in the frontal cortex
-unable to focus on patient care
-missing obvious diagnosis
Preventive Measures for Burnout?
exercise regularly
healthy eating
good sleeping habits
social support
creative outlets
What is Mindfullness Based Stress Reduction?
8 week mindfulness training program that helps individuals incorporate mindulness into their routine, self-awareness to make better decisions, and effectively respond to stress
Treatment for burnout?
set boundaries
lighten work load
try relaxing activites (yoga, meditation)
mindfulness
sleep
exercise
support system
What is a mental status exam? Components?
-used to assess a patient's behavioral and cognitive functioning
Components:
Appearance and Behavior
Level of Consciuosness and attentiveness
Mood and affect
Speech
Thought process
Thought content
Perceptual disturbances
Insight and judgement
Compare and contrast Burnout and Depression?
Burnout
-nondiagnosable
-response to a specific environment or situation
-detaching from work may help relieve some of the burnout
Depression
-diagnosable mental health condition
-does not have to be one trigger, could be mutiple
-broader/more general so requires concrete psychological help like treatment and medication