Types of Burns
List the types of burns where grafts may be necessary
What is ... partial thickness, deep partial thickness, full thickness, deep full thickness
list 2 complications of the GI tract related to burns
What is Curling's ulcers and paralytic ileus
What is our priority concern for patient with burns to head, neck and upper chest?
What is ... respiratory distress/ pulmonary complications
What is the number one intervention someone can do for a person who is on fire.
What is ... put out the fire, instruct them to "stop, drop, and roll"
Describe the diet for burned pt who is now allowed to have foods
What is ... High calories (5000/day), high protein, vit c, hydration
This burn in painful, with severe erythema. The pain is eased with cooling and will heal in about a week. What kind of burn is this and what may have caused it?
What is ... superficial thickness burn. Sunburn
What is the difference between an escharotomy and a faciotomy. When would each take place?
What is ... escharotomy lengthwise incisions made into eschar to relieve constriction iwith circumferential burns. preformed at bedside without anesthesia. Faciotomy incision deep into subq tissue and fascia. performed if adequate tissue perfusion does not return following escharotomy. Done in OR with anesthesia
List 3 systems affected by burns
What is ...renal, GI, cardiac, integumentary
You are working in an office and watch as someone rounds a corner with a pot full of hot coffee when another person runs into them. The pot is bumped and the scalding liquid is drenching a screaming womans blouse (front of chest, stomach and down L arm and covering hand. The other person is holding their lower arm in pain. What nursing actions do you take?
What is ... Stop the burning in both instances: instructed patient with scalding coffee on blouse to remove her shirt (maintaining privacy) and if she has any rings on to remove those as well. Get cool water to rinse skin of both victims.
Which position do we put people with burns to upper chest, face, extremities in and why?
What is ... Elevated HOB to help reduce edema
Differentiate between a partial thickness superficial burn and a deep partial thickness burn
What is... partial thickness burns takes 2-3 weeks to heal and damages epidermis and part of dermis. deep partial thickness burn heals in 3-6 weeks and damages epidermis and deep into dermis
List 2 nursing actions to take with a patient with circumferential burns
What is ... monitor CMST, elevate extremity to promote decrease in edema.
Describe normal VS for a burn pt in the resuscitative phase of burn management
What is ... BP low, HR high, temp mild, RR maybe increased. In pain.
List 3 ways we can monitor for respiratory distress in patients with upper body burns
What is ... O2 sat, sooty sputum, lung sounds, cough, singed nasal hairs, hoarseness of voice
For what reason might a burn patient receive Tagamet. What kind of medication is this?
What is ...Prevention of curlings ulcer, H2 receptor blocker
This type of burn damages the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. What kind of burn is this and describe what it looks like.
What is ... full thickness burn. Appears deep red, black, white, yellow or brown. Surface is dry with edema. fat exposed. Little - no pain.
What fluid and electrolyte changes do we expect to see in the emergent phase of burn care
What is ... Inc Hct, inc K+, low Na+, low albumin
Who should be on cardiac monitoring (those with what type of burns?) Why? What else should we be looking at with these people?
What is ...Electrical burns, because electricity can cause dysrhythmias. Also look for spinal injuries
Describe the emergent phase of burns. List the time frame and immediate nursing considerations
What is ...from onset of injury until hospital. Remove pt from danger, ABCs, CPR, Frist aid. Give 100% O2, and insert IV
Which medication is bacteriostatic against pseudomonas and staphylococcus
What is ... silver nitrate 0.5%
This burn is black, with no pain. The skin is inelastic and will require grafts. In addition there is no edema. What burn depth is this
What is ... deep full thickness burns
A pt is admitted to burn unit with deep partial thickness and full thickness burns to back of head, upper and lower back, circumferential R leg, and circumferential R lower arm. Using the rule of 9's what is the TBSA burned on this pt.
What is ... back of head 4.5%, upper and lower back 18%, circumferential R leg 18%, circumferential R lower arm 4.5% = 45%
DAILY DOUBLE: List 5 ways to protect against infection in burn pts
What is -Isolation -Screen visitors/ restrict -No fruits/veggies/flowers -Hand washing -Give prophylaxis abx and give tetanus -Use pt designated equipment
Describe what to do in the emergency situation for each type of burn (thermal, chemical, electrical)
What is ... -Thermal - Put out the fire/stop the burning -Chemical – brush off dry chemicals, rinse of wet -Electrical – safety, assume spinal injuries, cardiac problems
Which medication is painful to remove and apply but has the benefit of penetrating the eschar to go into underlying tissues
What is Mafenide Acetate (Sulfamylon)