Motivation/Job Design
The job characteristic that refers to the degree of control an employee has over their work.
What is autonomy?
The bias that occurs when individuals rely too heavily on the first piece of information they receive.
What is anchoring bias?
The three components of the fraud triangle.
What are pressure, opportunity, and rationalization?
The phrase that refers to letting go of ingrained ways of thinking and behaving, which is challenging due to habit and identity.
What is "dropping one’s tools?"
The reason Gomez does not explain his struggles to Dan Marlow.
What is fear of being seen as making excuses and getting fired anyway? Or, what is a lack of psychological safety?
The reason Wells Fargo employees engaged in unauthorized account creation.
What is extreme pressure from leadership to meet unrealistic sales goals?
The bias that occurs when decisions are influenced by how information is presented.
What is framing bias?
The common thread among the four categories of ethical dilemmas identified by Kidder (truth vs. loyalty, individual vs. community, short-term vs. long-term, and justice vs. mercy).
What is that these all represent conflict between different values?
The decision-making shortcut that leads people to judge the likelihood of events based on how easily examples come to mind.
What is the availability heuristic?
Mr. Moon could argue that it would be “no big deal” for Susan to use her MBA email because it’s a small detail that won’t really hurt anyone. According to GVV, this is an example of this type of rationalization.
What is materiality?
Both the job characteristics model and Dan Pink’s framework seek to foster and enhance this type of motivation.
What is intrinsic motivation?
The tendency to make decisions based only on available information, without considering what is missing.
What is WYSIATI?
The assumption that business decisions can be separated from ethical considerations.
What is the separation fallacy?
A key difference between the Speed Ventures case and the Challenger disaster, as it relates to the failures.
What is that the 7 failures in the Speed Ventures case were all engine failures, but for the Challenger, there were two types of failure?
As was the case in the Challenger disaster, entrenched habits and rigid processes can make it easier for questionable decisions to go unchallenged. This dynamic reflects this element of the fraud triangle.
What is opportunity?
The motivation theory that suggests effort leads to performance, which leads to rewards.
What is expectancy theory?
The term for mental shortcuts used in decision-making.
What are heuristics?
The four most common rationalizations for unethical behavior.
What are expected practice, materiality, locus of responsibility, and locus of loyalty?
The idea that business and ethics are fundamentally connected, and in many cases, CAN’T be separated.
What is the integration thesis?
When Susan Kim reminds herself that she wants a long-term career in cybersecurity--a field built on trust and integrity--and uses that goal to guide her decision about misrepresenting herself, she’s applying this GVV pillar.
What is purpose?
The job characteristics model outlines these five core job characteristics that enhance motivation.
What are skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback?
The two types of thinking in Kahneman’s decision-making framework.
What are reactive (system 1) and reflective (system 2) thinking?
The key difference between GVV and traditional ethics training.
What is that GVV focuses on how to act on values rather than debating what is right and wrong?
The cognitive bias that is at play for an investor who is reluctant to sell a poorly performing stock they already own.
What is the endowment effect?
If the Speed Ventures racing team decides to race not only because they’ve already poured so much time and money into the season, but also because they believe continued effort will eventually pay off, they are demonstrating these two decision-making traps.
What are sunk cost fallacy and escalation of commitment?