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Court Systems
Criminal Law
Torts
Trial Procedures
Contracts/ Basics of Law
100

EACH ______ HAS ITS OWN COURT SYSTEM BUT THEY ARE GENERALLY THE SAME PATTERN

What is the state court system?

100

A police officer always needs a warrant to make an arrest 

False

100

Making false statements about someone is called 

defamation 

100

Unruly vs Neglected vs Delinquent child 

  • DELINQUENT CHILD:  MINOR WHO HAS COMMITTED AN ADULT CRIME (ARSON, MURDER, DRUGS ETC)

  • UNRULY CHILD: A MINOR THAT HAS DONE SOMETHING INAPPROPRIATE BUT IS NOT CONSIDERED AN ADULT CRIME (SKIPPING SCHOOL, USING TOBACCO, VIOLATING CURFEW)

  • NEGLECTED OR ABUSED CHILD : ONE WHO IS HOMELESS, DESTITUTE OR WITHOUT PARENTAL CARE.  THIS CHILD MAY BECOME A WARD OF THE STATE

100

A contract that has no legal effect is called

Void

200

The goal of the juvenile court system 

Rehabilitate the offender

200

The two elements that define a crime

1. Criminal Act 

2. The required state of mind

200

Explain Crime vs Tort

Crime is an offense against society/the public good

 Tort is an offense against an individual 

200

A cheaper and faster alternative to the court room 

Alternative Dispute Resolution

200

A false statement that induces someone to enter into a contract

Concealment

300

Federal courts have jurisdiction over cases of admiralty, or cases involving the 

sea

300

When a killing takes place during a felony it is considered 

murder

300

People who are engaged in extremely dangerous activities may be held liable even without negligence or malice; this is known as the doctrine of

Strict Liability

300

In a criminal proceding, the government is referred to as the

Plaintiff

300

An extremely one-sides contract is called 

unconscionability

400

The 4 examples of ADR 

 

Mediation- 2 parties agree to have a mediator HELP them come to a compromise.  Court can order this, or parties can choose this

Arbitration- Arbitrators settle the dispute for the parties. Decision is final and enforceable  

Conciliation- Like arbitration and mediation, except the parties are kept from each other.  Conciliator goes between the parties to compromise. Takes more time, but avoids arguments. 

Negotiation- Each party appoints a negotiator for them.  One step away from a lawsuit 

400

If a law enforcement officer induces a law-abiding citizen to commit a crime, the accused may claim

Entrapment

400

Negligence of each party is compared, and the amount of the plaintiff's recovery is reduced by the percent of his or her negligence.

 

  • Contributorily Negligence: when plaintiff’s own negligence was a partial cause of the injury.

    • If the plaintiff was contributorily negligent, they could not collect for damages

  • Comparative Negligence: when a plaintiff is partially at fault.  

    • Plaintiff can be awarded damages, but they are reduced in proportion to how much they were at fault. 



400

When the accused is read the information and asked to plead guilty or not guilty.

Arraignment

400

An offer must be made with the intention of entering into a legal obligation for it to have  

Capacity

500

General vs Appellate vs Original Jurisdiction

General Jurisdiction: Courts with general jurisdiction can hear many types of cases, including civil and criminal matters.


Appellate Jurisdiction:Appellate jurisdiction allows a higher court to review decisions made by lower courts.


Original Jurisdiction:Gives a court the authority to hear and decide a case for the first time.
500

People must be informed of their constitutional rights when they are arrested and this is known as their

Miranda Rights (5th Amendment) 

500

When plaintiff is aware of the danger but does something anyway. They can not collect damages.

Assumption of Risk

500

Role of the grand jury 

To decide if a case needs to go to trial 

500

6 Elements of a Valid Contract 

1. Offer 

2. Acceptance 

3. Genuine Agreement 

4. Consideration 

5. Capacity 

6. Legality