C++ Midterm Review

That's so fetch

100

This function is used to gather input and include spaces.

getline()

200

To format output to currency, I would need to add these two functions to my cout statement.

fixed and setprecision()

300

A datatype that often replaces ints in a for loop to count more realistic items

size_t

BONUS + 200

What is the memory limit for the size_t datatype?

400

If i want to include enumerated values for my input, I would need to _____ the >> operator.

overload

500

If i want to append data to an output file, I would need to include this parameter to my outputFile object creation.

std::ios::app

Feelin' loopy

100

Which loop is guaranteed to execute at least once?

do-while

200

This keyword is required to successfully break out of an infinite loop

break

300

for(i = 0; i > 3; i++)

What is wrong with the above for loop? [Give 2 issues]

missing datatype in initialization 

Incorrect stopping condition

400

while (______) 

finish the while condition to repeat until a number turns negative

while(number >= 0)

500

This while loop expression validates whether or a not a character is a number.

while(isdigit(char))

Decisions Decisions

100

in C++, the relational operators of AND and OR are represented by what?

&& - AND

|| - OR

200

This is the name given to a branching technique that mimics if statements, but immediately stores the result inside of a variable.

Ternary

300

In a switch, to account for any missing scenarios, it's best to have a ____ case.

default case.

400

In a non-void function, every possible branch must eventually do what?

Return a value

500

enum Direction {NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, WEST};

using a switch for this enum, the value EAST will be apart of what numbered case?

2

Generally speaking

100

Why is it generally bad practice to use the standard namespace?

name collisions. If you create a function with the same name in the standard namespace, C++ won't know which to select.

200

This is the first step in the C++ compilation process to gather our enhanced source code.

Preprocessing

BONUS + 200

What step in the C++ compilation process gives us our object code?

300

This variable acts as an alias to an already existing variable. 

reference variable

400

What is the difference between a stream and a buffer?

A stream moves data from one source to some destination. (Input/Output)

A buffer is a temporary storage for data within a stream. (Variable)

500

What is meant by the term "Dangling Reference"

A reference pointing to a memory location that no longer exists/no longer valid.

Code for your life

100

string name = "Harry Potter"

Provide the code needed to make a substring for the word "Potter"

name.substr(6,12);

OR

int pos = name.find('p');

name.substr(pos, 12);

200

Cast the following float variable to an int datatype safely.

float num = 3.14;

int newNum = static_cast<int>(num);

300

Implement the following function prototype.

float divideNumbers(float a, float b);

if (b == 0) { 

cerr << "cant divide by zero ";

return 0.0;}

return a/b;

400

The user inputted a string value for an int datatype. Safely handle this error and ask the user to re-enter input.

while(cin.fail()){

cin.clear();

cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n'))

cin >> input; }

500

int num = 12345

append the number 6 to the end of this variable.

num = num * 10 + 6