Key Word Transformations
“We need to change global diets,” experts said.
(that)
Experts said that global diets needed to change.
Scientists warned that emissions ___ if action was not taken.
A) increase
B) would increase
C) increased
D) have increased
B) would increase
People say that the meat industry affects climate policy.
It...
It is said that the meat industry affects climate policy.
Scientists said that emissions increase if action was not taken.
would increase
“The livestock industry contributes heavily to emissions,” the report said.
(according)
...the report, the livestock industry contributes heavily to emissions.
According to the report…
“The industry is misleading the public,” critics said. (accused)
Critics accused the industry of misleading the public.
The report states that food production ___ a major source of emissions.
A) is
B) was
C) has been
D) would be
A) is
Experts say that diets must change.
It...
It is said that diets must change.
Critics accused the industry to mislead consumers.
of misleading
“Reducing meat consumption is essential,” scientists said.
(stressed)
Scientists ... essential.
Scientists stressed that reducing meat consumption is essential.
“Governments should reduce emissions,” scientists said. (urged)
Scientists urged governments to reduce emissions.
Critics accused the company of ___ climate policies.
A) to undermine
B) undermining
C) undermine
D) undermined
B) undermining
Many believe that livestock farming is unsustainable.
Livestock farming...
Livestock farming is believed to be unsustainable.
The report said that food production produce high emissions.
produces (or produced depending on context)
“The industry has influenced climate policies,” critics said.
(claimed)
Critics ... climate policies.
Critics claimed that the industry had influenced climate policies.
People say the company is responsible for pollution. (said)
The company is said to be responsible for pollution.
It ___ that dietary changes are essential.
A) believes
B) is believed
C) believed
D) has believed
B) is believed
Critics say the industry misleads the public.
The industry...
The industry is said to mislead the public.
Experts suggested that governments reduce emissions immediately.
should reduce / reduced
“Governments are not doing enough,” experts said.
(complained)
Experts...not doing enough.
Experts complained that governments were not doing enough.
“The food system is unsustainable,” experts believe.
(believed)
It is believed that the food system is unsustainable.
Experts suggested that governments ___ stronger policies.
A) introduce
B) introduced
C) will introduce
D) introducing
B) introduced
Scientists say governments should act immediately.
Governments...
Governments are said to need to act immediately (or: are urged to act immediately).
The company claimed that they reduce their environmental impact.
reduced / would reduce
“Plant-based diets could reduce emissions,” the study found.
(suggested)
The study ...reduce emissions.
The study suggested that plant-based diets could reduce emissions.