Meiosis
This is the process by which gametes are formed through two rounds of cell division.
What is meiosis?
This is the type of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells.
What is mitosis?
This process during Prophase I increases genetic diversity by exchanging DNA between homologous chromosomes.
What is crossing over?
This principle states that the inheritance of one trait does not affect the inheritance of another, as long as the genes are on different chromosomes
What is Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment?
This structure connects two sister chromatids after DNA replication.
What is a centromere?
This phase of meiosis is where homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material.
What is Prophase I?
This phase of mitosis is when chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
What is metaphase?
This random alignment of chromosome pairs during Metaphase I contributes to genetic variation.
What is independent assortment?
This is the expected phenotype ratio from a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous organisms (YyRr × YyRr).
What is 9:3:3:1?
This phase of mitosis is when chromosomes line up single file on the metaphase plate.
What is metaphase?
This term describes the physical exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosomes.
What is crossing over?
This is the first phase of mitosis, where chromosomes condense and become visible.
What is prophase?
This term describes the fusion of two unique gametes, further increasing genetic diversity.
What is fertilization?
This phase of meiosis corresponds to Mendel’s principle of independent assortment due to random alignment of homologous chromosomes.
What is metaphase I?
This process produces four genetically unique haploid cells from one diploid cell.
What is meiosis?
At the end of meiosis, this many daughter cells are produced, each with half the original chromosome number.
What is four?
This structure pulls sister chromatids apart during anaphase.
What are spindle fibers
These are the cells produced by meiosis that contain half the number of chromosomes and contribute to genetic variation.
What are gametes?
In summer squash, this gene prevents pigment production, masking the effect of another gene that controls pigment color.
What is the W gene?
This term describes the physical joining of homologous chromosomes during Prophase I.
What is a tetrad?
This type of cell division is responsible for producing sperm and egg cells.
What is meiosis?
This process, often following mitosis, divides the cytoplasm into two daughter cells.
What is cytokinesis?
This is the total number of possible combinations of chromosomes due to independent assortment in humans.
What is 2²³ (over 8 million)?
In a pedigree chart, this inheritance pattern is suggested when a trait skips generations and appears in offspring of unaffected parents
What is a recessive trait?
This type of cell division is used for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction.
What is mitosis?