Definitions
Birth rate
Amount of births per 1000 people in the population
Replacement level
The average number of children per woman needed to maintain population; generally 2.1
Lost generation
1883 - 1900
Millenials
Formula for population percentage change
(New population - Old population)/Old population x 100%
Death ratw
Amount of deaths per 1000 people
Fertility rate
The average number of children per woman
Greatest Generation
1901 - 1927
Generation Z
1997 - 2012
What is the reason for urbanization?
Farm sizes increase, number decreases
Technology promotes efficiency, fewer farmers needed
Young people move to urban areas to seek post-secondary education
Due to small populations, rural areas don’t offer many services, so businesses leave taking jobs with them
Natural increase
Birth rate - death rate
Child/infant mortality rate
Child: The number of deaths of children under 5 years old per 1000 live births
Infant: The number of deaths of children under 1 year old per 1000 live births
Silent Generation
1928 - 1945
Generation Alpha
2013 - 2028
How urbanization has changed over the years
1900: 2 out of 10 people lived in urban areas
1999: 4 out of 10 people lived in urban areas
2010: 5 out of 10 people lived in urban areas
2030: 6 out of 10 people will live in urban areas
2050: 7 out of 10 people will live in urban areas
Doubling time
The amount of time it takes for the population to double
Approximately, doubling time = 70 / growth rate
Pull factor
a motivating cause that attracts a person to migrate to another region or country
Ex: Employment opportunities, Higher income, Better working conditions and facilities
Baby Boomers
1946 - 1964
Stages of population change
1 - The combination of high death and birth rates keeps the population stable
2 - Death rate drops because of better healthcare or conditions, population increases
3 - Birth rate decreases because parents are confident about children’s survival
4 - Birth rate declines until it is close to death rate, causing population to taper off. Canada and most of Europe is in this stage
5 - Birth rate drops below death rate, population decreases. Factors such as rising costs of starting a family and delaying starting of families cause aging population
Dependency load
The combined percentage of the population that needs to be supported, comprised of ages 0-14 and 65+ age groups
Push factor
Motivating factor to emigrate from a country
Ex: problems, distressing situations, and political or economic failures
Generation X
1965 - 1980
What is the points system based on?
The points system is based on age, education, language competence, work experience, spouse’s education, previous education or a job offer in Canada, and relatives in Canada