Polish Literature
This poet, known for his Latin and Polish works, wrote Treny, a series of laments for his deceased daughter.
Jan Kochanowski
The fundamental life process of synthesizing glucose (sugar) from CO₂ and water thanks to energy provided by light.
Photosynthesis
This scholar and canon from Toruń revolutionized astronomy in the Jagiellonian era.
Nicolaus Copernicus
The process of a substance reacting with oxygen to produce heat and light.
Combustion
Who was the Polish 19th-century painter known for historical scenes, such as The Battle of Grunwald or Stańczyk?
Jan Matejko
This poet authored Kordian, a Romantic drama exploring patriotism and sacrifice.
Juliusz Słowacki
What are the cell organelles responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP.
Mitochondria
This son of Mieszko I crowned himself the first king of Poland in 1025.
Bolesław I the Brave
What’s a substance that increases the concentration of H⁺ ions in solution, with pH levels below 7.
Acid
What’s the technique of creating the illusion of depth on a flat surface?
Linear perspective
This major Renaissance writer famously declared, "A niechaj narodowie wżdy postronni znają, iż Polacy nie gęsi..."
Mikołaj Rej
What is the largest organ of the human body, by area and weight?
Skin
This Grand Duke of Lithuania married Queen Jadwiga, became king of Poland in 1386 and led his army to victory at the battle of Grunwald (1410).
Władysław II Jagiełło
What’s the term for atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons?
Isotope
Who was the artist known for the frescoes in the Sistine Chapel ceiling and the famous sculpture of David in Florence?
Michelangelo Buonarotti
This king supported Enlightenment reforms and founded the Commission of National Education.
Stanisław August Poniatowski
What’s the name of the site where two bones meet and can move relative to each other?
Joint
This anonymous person in the Middle Ages wrote an important chronicle documenting the earliest history of the Piast dynasty.
Gallus Anonymus
What’s the name of the simplest hydrocarbon, CH₄?
Methane
Who was the German medieval artist known for the carved and painted wood polyptych in St. Mary's Basilica, Kraków?
Veit Stoss ("Wit Stwosz")
The kazanie sejmowe (parliament sermon) was a genre perfected by this preacher and polemicist.
Piotr Skarga
What is the name of the cells in your blood that destroy bacteria and other alien cells?
White blood cells (leukocytes)
This medieval legal document issued in 1264 by Bolesław the Pious gave rights to Jews in Poland.
Statute of Kalisz
What’s the name for large molecules made up of repeating units?
Polymers
What’s the sport practiced by the subject of the Greek sculpture that represents the ideal male athlete (5th century BCE, attributed to Myron)?
Discus throwing (The Discobolus)