Define that illness
Strep throat
Inflammation of the pharynx, highly contagious,usually spread by droplets
caused by GABHS
S/S of Strep Throat
QUICK ONSET
sore throat, pain swallowing,lymphadenopathy, fever, tonsils are red with patches, headache, exudate, petechia, abd pain
Tx of Strep throat
antibiotics(amoxicillin),tylenol
Nursing considerations for Strep throat
teach salt water gargle, fluids(hydration), disinfect toothbrush or get a new one because germs could still live on surface of toothbrush
obtain swabs, highly communicable via saliva, encourage those with a sore throat to seek medical attention
oral penicillin
what happens if Strep remains or goes untreated
Pertussis
Bacterial infection spread via droplets, highly contagious
S/S of pertussis
low grade fever, rapid coughing followed by high pitch whooping sound
vomiting, cyanosis and even cracked ribs
Tx of pertussis
antibiotics(erythromycin), O2 therapy, humidified O2, suctioning, fluids(hydration)
for infants <6months, ventilation
Nursing considerations
droplet precautions, watch and prevent pneumonia
How would you diagnose pertussis
nasopharyngeal swab
Pneumonia
Infection of the lungs leading to alveoli filling with liquid or pus
S/S of pneumonia
mild-high fever, chest pain(abd), dullness to percussion, nonproductive cough, rhonchi, rales, decreased breath sounds on affected sides, respiratory distress, malaise, fatigue
Tx of pneumonia
symptomatic tx,
antibiotics if bacterial, tx
complications like pleural effusion
(fluid build up in pleural space) and
empyema
Nursing considerations for Pneumonia
hydration! May need
suctioning or help clearing
airway, family support, decrease pts anxiety, teach about meds and prognosis and chest tube if needed
tripod position, pain management
increased WBC and decreased O2 sat
Infectious disease of the lungs caused by mycobacterium TB
S/S of TB
asymmetrical w/normal x-ray, malaise, fever, night sweats, silent cough, weight loss, anorexia, lymphoadenopathy
Tx of TB
antibiotics
Nursing Considerations for TB
Hospitalization is rare
medication adherence
Isolation, patients can attend school once med therapy started and S/S reduced
Adequate nutrition-high calorie(avocados, nuts,seeds, whole milk etc)
What is the importance of the mantoux skin test associated with TB
A positive reaction= pts been exposed to TB and body has made antibodies against TB proteins
DOES NOT CONFIRM presence of active TB
Once a person tests positive they will always be positive when testing
Croup
Inflammation of larynx, trachea, and bronchioles caused by a viral infection which leads to inflammation of lower respiratory tract and causes dyspnea
S/S of Croup
barking cough, inspiratory stridor, tachypnea, respiratory distress, retractions, restlessness, pallor(cyanosis), hypoxia decreased O2, and this
can progress to resp acidosis, and resp failure.
Tx of Croup
increase humidity with cool mist, humidify O2, hydration, racemic epinephrine
NO bronchodilators or antibiotics(dont help)
Nursing considerations for Croup
promote rest, hydration,assessment of resp status, and O2 sats. O2 Prn
Teach parents s/s of respiratory distress
barking cough