Case Law
This 1986 Supreme Court Case established the framework for brief investigative detentions based on reasonable suspicion and limited protective frisks for weapons
Terry v. Ohio
An anonymous caller advises they see a black male wearing a purple shirt selling drugs on a street corner. With no other corroborating facts, what level of encounter can the officer take.
Consensual Encounter
What level of an encounter is generally required for a Terry Stop?
Reasonable Suspicion
An anonymous caller advises they see a black male wearing a purple shirt selling drugs on a street corner. As officer's approach they see him hand someone a small object as they hand him US currency. What level encounter can the officer take.
Reasonable suspicion / Investigatory stop
What Supreme Court case established the objective-reasonableness standard for police use of force?
Graham v Connor
Regardless of an anonymous tip or a verrified citizen complaint. What must an officer also observe?
Corroborating facts to the tip. Suspicious behavior and reasonable suspicion.
What must an officer reasonably suspect before conducting a protective frisk?
The person is armed and dangerous
The Supreme Court identifies several recurring situations in which exigent circumstances may justify entering a home without a warrant. Name them..
Emergency Aid / Imminent injury
Hot Pursuit (misdemeanor?)
Imminent destruction of evidence
Threat to Public or Law Enforcement
Consent
During a lawful traffic stop, what case law allows officer's to remove someone from a vehicle without additional reasonable suspicion?
Pennsylvania v Mimms
There are three 3 exceptions to the rule which requires issuance of an arrest warrant before an arrest on PC can be made inside a home.
Violent crime, believed to be armed AND likely to escape and posses a threat
Consent
Fresh pursuit of a fleeing felon