Primary vs Secondary Sources
Beam Test
Craap Test
100
  • If I conduct a survey in this class, is that a primary or secondary source?”

What is primary

100

A scholarly article is used to explain how data was collected, while its conclusions are not used as evidence. Which BEAM category applies?

What is method?

100

This CRAAP factor checks how recent a source is.


What is currency

200
  • What do you think could happen if a researcher uses unreliable sources?”

What is misinformation 

200

A textbook chapter used to explain key terms and provide general context in an SBA fits which BEAM category?

What is background?

200

This CRAAP factor focuses on author qualifications.


What is authority 

300

A government database containing raw census data, later interpreted by researchers, is an example of which type of source?

What is primary source

300

Photographs, graphs, and raw statistics used as proof in a research project fall under which BEAM category?

What is exhibit?

300

A source with no references fails which CRAAP factor?


What is accuracy

400

A biography written years after a person’s death is considered this type of source.


What is secondary source?

400

A guide explaining how to design questionnaires belongs to which BEAM category?


What is method 

400

A politically biased article fails which CRAAP factor most clearly?


What is purpose

500


A government census database containing unanalysed population data is what type of source?


What is a primary source

500

A journal article presenting a claim used to support your position fits which BEAM category?


What is argument

500

A peer-reviewed article is high quality but irrelevant to the research question. Which CRAAP factor is weak?


What is relevance