Respiratory structures
The main site of gas exchange in the lungs.
Alveoli
During inhalation, the diaphragm does this.
Contracts and flattens (moves downward)
The process where molecules move from high concentration to low concentration.
Diffusion
Name the four chambers of the heart.
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle
The blood cell that carries oxygen.
Erythrocyte (red blood cell)
Two main functions of the respiratory system: moving air in/out and exchanging these two gases.
Oxygen and carbon dioxide
Name the two muscle groups whose contraction increases thoracic cavity space during inspiration.
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles
The vessel type described as the “site for diffusion and transfer” with tissues.
Capillaries
The cardiovascular system has three main functions: transport (blood), delivery (nutrients and hormones), and _____.
Removal of waste (e.g., nitrogen and CO₂)
What is the main liquid part of blood called?
Plasma
Put these in order as oxygen travels: pharynx, trachea, larynx, nasal cavity.
Nasal cavity → pharynx → larynx → trachea
When the diaphragm relaxes and domes upward, chest (thoracic) cavity volume _____.
Decreases
In the alveoli, which way do oxygen and carbon dioxide move?
Oxygen moves from the alveoli into the blood; carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the alveoli.
The chamber that receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the superior and inferior vena cava.
Right atrium
Do arteries carry blood toward or away from the heart?
Away from the heart.
The structure with C-shaped cartilage rings to keep the airway open.
Trachea
Besides the respiratory system, what are two body systems help us breathe, and what is one role of each?
Muscular system: diaphragm + intercostal muscles create the movements/pressure changes to move air.
Skeletal system:rib cage provides the structure the breathing muscles pull on (and protects the lungs).
Oxygen is not very soluble in water, so most oxygen in the blood is carried by binding to what molecule?
Hemoglobin
After the lungs, oxygenated blood returns to the heart via these vessels.
Pulmonary veins
Thrombocytes are also called ____ and their key role is _____.
Platelets; clotting