First Industrial Revolution
Main countries and the year
Great Britain
Belgium
Germany
France
(1760)
Main countries and the year
United States
Japan
Russia
(1870)
__________ seperated those who had property and financial resources from those who did not.
Economic inequity
Materials or substances found in nature, which can be used for economic gain.
Natural resources
The Industrial Revolution began in _________, the country where workers first organized themselves into groups the pressure factory owners and governments.
Britain
The ______ provided raw materials for railway lines, trains, factory machines and tools.
Iron industry
Raw materials like petroleum and rubber were used to make new products
Chemical industry
Society was seperated into 3 social classes: upper, middle and lower. Each social class was mainly defined by its _______.
Wealth
Person who leaves their country to live in another place.
Emigrant
Working together in harsh conditions, workers saw the _______ as the boy way to improve their situation.
Labour movement
Workshops were replaced by ______ which were large buildings where workers operated machines
Factories
Numerous identical parts of an item were manufactured, before all the different parts were brought together to assemble the final product.
Mass production
This was a diverse class. It included, tradesmen, shopkeepers, artisans, teachers, and mid-level government officials and army officers.
Middle class
Death rate decrease and birth rate remaining high were the two main reasons for _________.
Population growth
________ and Friedrich Engles published the Communist Manifesto in 1848
Karl Marx
Machines were powered by _______ which used large quantities of coal
Steam engines
Banks became key institutions. This was the beginning of __________.
Financial capitalism
Refusal to work as a form of organized protest, typically in an attempt to obtain a particular concession or agreement.
Strike
Urbanization
Anarchists opposed any form of _______ and hoped to replace it with voluntary associations.
State
The manufacturing process changed so that each worker specialized in a single task. This is known as the _________.
Division of labour
The steam engine and iron made _______ a fast, safe and cheap means of transport.
Railways
In Marxist ideology, this term described a salaried worker, and by extension, the entire working class
Proletariat
First country after Britain to become industrialized.
Belgium
What year did labour organizations create the International Workingmen’s Association?
1864