Basics of Motivation
Define motivation
Internal state that arouses, directs, and maintains behavior
Motivation based on enjoyment or interest.
Intrinsic Motivation
Which theory uses rewards and punishment?
Behavioral
Belief that intelligence cannot change.
Fixed Mindset
Teachers should connect effort to what outcome?
Success
Name one factor that affects motivation.
Traits, past experiences, culture, environment, support
Motivation based on rewards or outcomes.
Extrinsic Motivation
Which theory focuses on thinking and understanding?
Cognitive
Belief that intelligence can improve.
Growth Mindset
Type of feedback that helps students improve.
Constructive Feedback
What is persistence?
Continuing effort over time
What determines whether motivation is intrinsic or extrinsic?
Where the cause comes from (inside or outside)
Which theory includes self-efficacy?
Social Cognitive
Name one attribution dimension.
Locus / stability / controllability
Giving limited choices to students is called what?
Bounded Choice
What does “intensity of engagement” mean?
Level of effort/focus
Can intrinsic and extrinsic motivation happen at the same time?
Yes
What model includes levels like basic needs and self-actualization?
Maslow’s hierarchy
Avoiding effort to protect yourself from failure.
Self-handicapping
Being fully focused and immersed in a task.
Flow
Give one motivational question students ask themselves
Why am I doing this? / Can I do this? / What do I value?
Give a real-life example of intrinsic motivation.
Exercising for enjoyment / learning for curiosity
What two things are multiplied in expectancy-value theory?
Expectation x value
Avoiding challenges to not fail.
Failure Avoidance
Students should be compared to what instead of others?
Their past performance