Lupus
This lab test is commonly positive in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
What is ANA (antinuclear antibody)?
ANA is a hallmark of autoimmune activity in SLE.
HIV primarily targets this type of immune cell.
What are CD4+ T cells?
HIV binds to CD4 receptors, leading to immune suppression.
Scleroderma causes this type of tissue change.
What is fibrosis or hardening of the skin?
Excess collagen leads to thickened skin and organ damage.
Fibromyalgia is characterized by this type of pain.
What is widespread musculoskeletal pain?
Pain is chronic and affects multiple tender points.
This type of arthritis is autoimmune and affects joints symmetrically.
What is rheumatoid arthritis?
RA causes inflammation in synovial joints bilaterally.
This classic skin manifestation is often seen in lupus.
What is a butterfly (malar) rash?
It appears across the cheeks and nose, triggered by sunlight.
This test is used to monitor HIV progression
What is CD4 count or viral load?
CD4 count shows immune status; viral load shows replication.
This symptom involves color changes in fingers due to cold or stress.
What is Raynaud’s phenomenon?
Common in scleroderma due to vascular dysfunction.
This symptom often accompanies fibromyalgia and affects cognition.
What is “fibro fog”?
Patients report memory issues and difficulty concentrating.
This type of arthritis is due to wear and tear.
What is osteoarthritis?
OA involves cartilage degeneration, often asymmetrical.
Lupus can affect this organ, leading to proteinuria and hypertension.
What are the kidneys?
Lupus nephritis is a serious complication of SLE.
This class of drugs is used to treat HIV.
What are antiretrovirals (ART)?
ART suppresses viral replication and improves immunity.
This form of scleroderma affects internal organs.
What is systemic sclerosis?
It can involve lungs, kidneys, heart, and GI tract.
This class of medications is often used to manage fibromyalgia.
What is Lyrica
?They help with pain and mood symptoms.
Lyme disease is transmitted by this vector.
What is a tick?
The tick carries Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent.
This medication is commonly used to manage lupus flares.
What are corticosteroids?
They reduce inflammation and immune activity.
This opportunistic infection is common in AIDS patients.
What is Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)?
PCP is a fungal infection seen when CD4 counts are low.
Nursing care that is important for the patient.
What is Oral care.
Due to the constriction of the facial muscle.
Fibromyalgia is diagnosed based on this clinical finding.
What are tender points or widespread pain index?
Diagnosis is clinical; no specific lab test confirms it.
This early symptom is a hallmark of Lyme disease
Bull"s eye rash
Appears at the site of the tick bite in early infection.
This antimalarial drug is used long-term to manage lupus
What is Methotrexate ?
It helps control skin and joint symptoms and prevents flares.
HIV is transmitted through these three main routes.
What are blood, sexual contact, and perinatal transmission?
These are the primary modes of HIV transmission.
This complication of scleroderma affects the lungs.
What is pulmonary hypertension or interstitial lung disease?
Fibrosis can impair lung function and cause hypertension.
This lifestyle intervention is key in managing fibromyalgia.
What is regular low-impact exercise?
Exercise improves function and reduces pain over time.
Untreated Lyme disease can lead to this chronic complication.
What is arthritis or neurological symptoms?
Late-stage Lyme can cause joint swelling and nerve issues.