Randomization
This method is designed in such a way so that every group of some size has an equal chance of being selected.
What is Simple Random Sampling?
The entire group of people who we want to learn about
What is Population?
This bias occurs when people who feel strongly about a topic are the only ones who provide data.
What is Voluntary Response Bias?
This occurs when a subject receives a ¨Fake treatment¨ but shows improvement anyway.
What is Placebo Effect?
To simulate a 50% chance (like a coin flip) using a random digit table, you could use:
A) 1-5 for Heads, 6-0 for Tails
B) Only the number 5
C) Every 50th number
What is A?
Population is divided into groups of similar individuals and a simple random sample is taken from each group.
What is Stratified Random Sampling?
A subset of individuals in the population from which we actually collect data.
What is Sample?
This happens when an individual chosen for the sample cannot be contacted or refuses to participate
What is Nonresponse Bias?
An experiment where the subjects don't know which treatment they are receiving.
What is Single Blind experiment?
Why do we repeat a simulation many times?
A) To get different answers
B) Because the teacher said so
C) To see what usually happens in the long run
What is C?
The primary purpose of random assignment in an experiment.
What is creating equal groups?
Individuals on which the experiment is done. If they are human, they are called subjects
What is Experimental Units?
This bias occurs when some groups in the population are left out of the process of choosing the sample.
What is Undercoverage Bias?
This experimental design pairs subjects based on similar characteristics to compare two treatments directy
What is Matched Pairs Design?
If you need to pick 3 people out of 10, and you hit the same number twice on the table, you should:
A) Count it twice
B) Skip it and move to the next digit
C) Start the whole thing over
What is B?
What is Cluster Sampling?
A condition applied to the people in an experiment
What is Treatment?
A systematic pattern of incorrect responses in a sample survey.
What is Response Bias?
A variable that is not of interest but is associated with the explanatory variable and affects the response.
What is Confounding Variable?
If you are rolling a 6-sided die, which digits would you ignore on a random number table?
A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
B) 7, 8, 9, 0
C) Only 0
What is B?
Individuals are selected from a list at regular, fixed intervals, starting from a randomly chosen point.
What is Systematic Random Sampling?
Another name for the explanatory variable that is being manipulated.
What are Factors?
The type of ¨bad¨ sampling where you only ask the people easiest to reach.
What is Convenience Sampling?
The three essential principles of experimental design are Control, Randomization, and this.
What is Replication?
A "Trial" in a simulation is:
A) One full "run" of the event
B) A court case
C) The final answer
What is A?