About the Disease
What does HIV target in the body?
CD4 cells (T cells)
How many people worldwide are living with HIV as of 2023?
Approximately 38 million.
What test detects HIV antibodies in the blood or oral fluid?
HIV Antibody Test.
What is the standard treatment approach for managing HIV?
Antiretroviral Therapy (ART).
Why is medication adherence crucial in HIV treatment?
To suppress viral load and prevent drug resistance.
Name the two types of HIV
HIV-1 and HIV-2
What is the most affected region globally by HIV?
Sub-Saharan Africa.
Which test identifies the p24 antigen present in the virus?
HIV Antigen Test
Which class of drugs blocks viral replication?
NRTIs (e.g., Tenofovir, Emtricitabine).
What diet is recommended for individuals with HIV?
A diet rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals.
What are the three main stages of HIV infection?
Acute HIV, Chronic HIV, and AIDS
What activity carries the highest risk of HIV transmission?
Unprotected sexual contact
What test is used to detect the virus itself in high-risk or early infection cases?
Nucleic Acid Test (NAT)
What do NNRTIs do in HIV treatment?
Prevent viral DNA synthesis.
What lifestyle modification is advised to maintain immune function?
Moderate physical activity and avoidance of exposure to sick individuals.
What is the defining characteristic of AIDS?
Severe immunodeficiency leading to opportunistic infections and cancers.
What other health condition increases susceptibility to HIV?
Other sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
Which test helps assess immune function by measuring the number of CD4 cells?
CD4 Count
Name the class of drugs that inhibits viral protein processing.
Protease Inhibitors (PIs).
Name a strategy to prevent opportunistic infections in individuals with HIV.
Safe hygiene practices and avoiding raw/undercooked foods.
How do HIV-1 and HIV-2 differ in terms of geographic prevalence?
HIV-1 is global, while HIV-2 is largely confined to West Africa
Name two modes of mother-to-child HIV transmission
During childbirth and breastfeeding
What test is used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment by measuring the amount of HIV in the blood?
Viral Load Test
How do INSTIs function in HIV treatment?
Block viral integration into host DNA.
Why is psychosocial support important in managing HIV?
It reduces stigma, improves mental health, and fosters adherence to treatment.