Founding
Fathers
Fathers
Who is George Washington?
Commander of the Continental Army and first U.S. president.
What is First Amendment?
Protects individuals’ rights to free expression, religious practice, and press freedom while preventing government interference.
What is Brown v. Board of Education (1954) – Desegregation?
Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) and ruled that racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional.A key victory for the Civil Rights Movement, ending legal segregation.
What is the New Deal?
FDR’s response to the Great Depression, introducing Social Security, banking regulations, and massive public works programs to revive the economy.
What is the The Voting Rights Scandal (1960s)?
The Civil Rights Movement exposed widespread voter suppression, particularly in Southern states, where practices like literacy tests and poll taxes were used to disenfranchise Black Americans.
Who is Alexander Hamilton?
First Secretary of the Treasury and key architect of the U.S. financial system. The protagonist of the famous hiphop broadway musical.
What is the 14th amendment?
Grants citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S., guarantees due process, and ensures equal protection under the law. This has been the foundation for many civil rights rulings.
What is Dred Scott V. Sanford?
A controversial decision that declared enslaved people were not citizens and could not sue in federal court. This ruling fueled the abolitionist movement and contributed to the Civil War.
What are Tariffs?
a tax imposed by a government on goods imported from other countries.
What is the Watergate Scandal (1972-1974)?
Involving the Nixon administration, the Watergate scandal began with a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate complex in Washington, D.C. It was later discovered that members of Nixon’s re-election campaign had orchestrated the break-in and attempted to cover it up.
Who is Benjamin Franklin?
Diplomat, inventor, and key figure in securing French support during the Revolution. Often credited for discovering electricity.
what is the 13th amendment?
Officially ended slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.
What is Citizens United v. FEC (2010) – Campaign Finance?
Ruled that corporations and unions can spend unlimited money on political campaigns, citing free speech rights.
What are the COVID-19 Stimulus Packages (2020–2021)?
The CARES Act and later relief bills pumped trillions into the economy through stimulus checks, unemployment aid, and business loans.
What caused The Ukraine Scandal and Trump’s Impeachment (2019)?
President Donald Trump was accused of pressuring Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky to investigate Joe Biden and his son Hunter, withholding military aid as leverage.
Who is Thomas Jefferson?
Primary author of the Declaration of Independence and third U.S. president.
What is Article IV – State Relations?
Includes the Full Faith and Credit Clause, requiring states to recognize laws and court decisions from other states.Protects states from invasion and domestic violence.
What is Miranda v. Arizona (1966) – Rights of the Accused?
Established the Miranda rights, requiring police to inform suspects of their right to remain silent and have an attorney.
What are The 2008 Financial Crisis Bailouts?
The Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) and Federal Reserve actions saved banks and auto companies to prevent economic collapse.
What is The Teapot Dome Scandal (1921-1923)?
Secretary of the Interior Albert Fall leased oil reserves at Teapot Dome, Wyoming, and other sites to private companies in exchange for bribes, during the administration of President Warren G. Harding.
Who is John Jay?
Primary author of the Declaration of Independence and third U.S. president.
What is The supremacy clause (article VI, Clause 2)?
Establishes that the Constitution, federal laws, and treaties are the supreme law of the land, overriding state laws when there is a conflict.
What is Marbury v. Madison (1803) – Judicial Review?
Established the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review, allowing it to declare laws unconstitutional.This case cemented the judiciary as an equal branch of government.
What is The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act?
Lowered corporate and individual tax rates, aiming to boost business investment and job growth.
What is the Fast and Furious Scandal (2006-2011)?
The operation allowed licensed gun dealers in the U.S. to sell firearms to suspected straw purchasers, hoping to track them and uncover larger smuggling rings. Over 7000 firearms were sold under the operation, many of which ended up being used in violent crimes, including the killing of U.S. Border Patrol agent Brian Terry in December 2010.