Roman Republic
vocab
Republic to Empire
grammar
Caesar's BG
100

a three-part conflict between Rome and Carthage over control of the Mediterranean

What are the Punic Wars?

100

This word has two meanings: one that's an obvious derivative, plus "direction" (which isn't).

What is pars, partis?

100

Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus

What is the First Triumirate?

100

One of Caesar's favorite constructions, translated "with [noun] [participle]."

What is ablative absolute?

100
BG 1 opens with this group, under their leader Orgetorix, trying to leave their homeland.

Who are the Helvetii?

200

an event in 390 BCE that haunted the Romans at least into Caesar's time

What is the Gallic Sack of Rome?

200

army camp

What is castra?
200

This conflict took Caesar around the Mediterranean, including to Egypt, where sloppy aim ignited the Library of Alexandria.

What is the Civil War?

200

= head verb + (accusative + infinitive)

What is indirect statement?

200

Caesar relieves this legate's camp from a siege in BG 5.

Who is Cicero?

300

a massive labor strike, part of the Conflict of the Orders that gradually expanded the rights of Roman commoners

What is the Secession of the Plebs?

300

hiberna

What is "winter quarters"?

300

members of the Second Triumvirate

Who are Antony, Octavian, and Lepidus?

300

perfect tense endings

What are -ī, -istī, -it, -īmus, -istis, -ērunt?

300

He knew it was a bad idea to disobey Caesar's orders and leave the camp.

Who is Cotta?

400

These brothers, sons of Cornelia Africana, proposed reforms that would have helped impoverished Romans. Senators murdered both of them.

Who are the Gracchi?

400

vallum

What is "(wooden) wall, rampart"?

400

After Octavian defeated Antony and Cleopatra here, there was no one left to challenge him.

What is the Battle of Actium?

400

another name for the future passive participle

What is gerundive?

400

He taunts the other soldiers before jumping off the ship, forcing them to follow him or risk dishonor and the gods' anger.

Who is the aquilifer (of the 10th legion)?

500

The name for the conflict in which Spartacus led one side and Pompey got the nickname "Teen Butcher."

What is the Servile War?

500

The Latin word for "pace" or "step."

What is passus, passūs?

500

A generation before Caesar and Pompey, these two generals also fought for illegal levels of power.

Who are Marius and Sulla?

500

Following any of these four words, aliquis becomes quis, aliquod becomes quod, etc.

What are sī, nisi, num, and ne?

500

This sneaky Gallic leader successfully tricks Sabinus into an ambush.

Who is Ambiorix?