Data Interpretation
researchers studied the growth of bacteria under different temperatures. the table below shows bacterial population (in millions) after 12 hours.
temperature: Population:
10 1.2
20 4.8
30 9.5
40 2.1
if researchers tested 50 degrees, which result would be most likely?
A. higher than 9.5 million
B. lower than 2.1 million
C. exactly 4.8 million
D. equal to 9.8 million
B. lower than 2.1 million
two scientists debate why mars lost most of its atmosphere:
Scientist A: argues that solar wind stripped away mars' atmosphere because mars lacked a strong magnetic field to protect it.
Scientist B: believes volcanic activity declined, so mars could no longer release gases to replace what was lost, leading to thinning atmosphere over time.
according to scientist A, what protects a planets atmosphere?
strong magnetic field
a chemistry teacher wanted to test how temperature affects the time it takes for a solid tablet to dissolve in water. she sat up three beakers, each one with 200mL of water. she placed one beaker at 10C , one at 25C, and one at 50C. in each, she dropped an identical tablet and measured how long it took to fully dissolve.
she observed that at 10C the tablet dissolved in 8 minutes, at 25C in 4 minutes, and at 50C in 1 minute.
what should she had done to the tablets prior to dropping them into the water?
A. take the measurement of the width
B. smell them
C. weigh them
D. dip them in the water
C. weigh them
a balloon is filled with helium and released. why does the balloon rise in the air?
A. helium is denser than air
B. helium is less dense than air
C. air pressure pushes it down
D. helium is heavier than nitrogen
B. helium is less dense than air
a car rolls down a hill. if the angle of the hill is increased, what happens to the cars acceleration?
A. it stays the same
B. it becomes zero
C. it decreases
D. it increases
D. it increases
a student dissolves salt in water at different temperatures to measure solubility.
Temperature: Grams of salt per 100g water:
0 35
25 36
50 38
75 42
what is the general relationship between temperature and solubility?
the higher the temperature the greater the solubility
two scientists debate why mars lost most of its atmosphere:
Scientist A: argues that solar wind stripped away mars' atmosphere because mars lacked a strong magnetic field to protect it.
Scientist B: believes volcanic activity declined, so mars could no longer release gases to replace what was lost, leading to thinning atmosphere over time.
which piece of evidence would support scientist B's view?
A. mars volcanoes became inactive billions of years ago
B. mars magnetic field is very weak compared to earths
C. mars atmosphere is mostly carbon dioxide
D. Solar wind intensity increased over time
A. Mars volcanoes became inactive billions of years ago
a chemistry teacher wanted to test how temperature affects the time it takes for a solid tablet to dissolve in water. she sat up three beakers, each one with 200mL of water. she placed one beaker at 10C , one at 25C, and one at 50C. in each, she dropped an identical tablet and measured how long it took to fully dissolve.
she observed that at 10C the tablet dissolved in 8 minutes, at 25C in 4 minutes, and at 50C in 1 minute.
what was the independent variable in this experiment?
water temperature
which of the following best explains why salt is often spread on icy roads in winter?
A. salt lowers the freezing point of water
B. salt raises the freezing point of water
C. salt makes ice absorb heat faster
D. salt prevents water from evaporating
A. salt lowers the freezing point of water
if ocean water temperature increases, what happens to the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water?
A. it increases
B. it decreases
C. it stays constant
D. it doubles
B. it increases
a student dissolves salt in water at different temperatures to measure solubility.
Temperature: Grams of salt per 100g water:
0 35
25 36
50 38
75 42
at 100 degrees, which prediction best fits the trend?
A. 35g
B. 38g
C. 45g
D. 50g
D. 50g
two scientists debate why mars lost most of its atmosphere:
Scientist A: argues that solar wind stripped away mars' atmosphere because mars lacked a strong magnetic field to protect it.
Scientist B: believes volcanic activity declined, so mars could no longer release gases to replace what was lost, leading to thinning atmosphere over time.
which finding would weaken both scientists explanations?
A. mars atmosphere was never thick in the first place
B. earths magnetic field is stronger than mars
C. Venus has volcanoes and a thick atmosphere
D. mars atmosphere has traces of water vapor
A. mars atmosphere was never thick in the first place
a chemistry teacher wanted to test how temperature affects the time it takes for a solid tablet to dissolve in water. she sat up three beakers, each one with 200mL of water. she placed one beaker at 10C , one at 25C, and one at 50C. in each, she dropped an identical tablet and measured how long it took to fully dissolve.
she observed that at 10C the tablet dissolved in 8 minutes, at 25C in 4 minutes, and at 50C in 1 minute.
what was the dependent variable in this experiment?
time it took the tablets to dissolve
a student drops two objects of different masses from the same height in a vacuum (no air resistance). what happens?
A. the heavier object hits the ground first
B. the lighter object hits the ground first
C. both objects hit at the same time
D. neither object hits the ground
C. both hit at the same time
an enzyme normally works best at 37C. if the temperature is raised to 80C, what is most likely to happen?
A. the enzyme becomes more active
B. the enzyme becomes denatured and stops working
C. the enzyme activity remains the same
D. the enzyme changes into a different enzyme
B. the enzyme becomes denatured and stops working
two cars, Car A and Car B, accelerate from rest. their speeds are recorded:
time (s): Car A: Car B:
0 0 0
2 4 6
4 8 12
6 12 18
8 16 24
At 10 seconds, what is the most likely speed of Car A if the trend continues?
20
Two researchers disagree about the best explanation for rising antibiotic resistance:
Researcher 1: overuse of antibiotics in human medicine is the major cause, as it kills sensitive bacteria and allows resistant strains to survive.
Researcher 2: agricultural use in livestock is the main driver, since resistant bacteria from farms spread into human populations.
which observation supports Researcher 2's claim?
A. countries that banned farm antibiotics show lower resistance rates in humans
B. hospital patients taking antibiotics develop resistant infections.
C. resistant strains do not spread between humans and animals
D. resistance is only found in hospital environments
A. Countries that banned farm antibiotics show lower resistance rates in humans.
a chemistry teacher wanted to test how temperature affects the time it takes for a solid tablet to dissolve in water. she sat up three beakers, each one with 200mL of water. she placed one beaker at 10C , one at 25C, and one at 50C. in each, she dropped an identical tablet and measured how long it took to fully dissolve.
she observed that at 10C the tablet dissolved in 8 minutes, at 25C in 4 minutes, and at 50C in 1 minute.
which conclusion best fits the results?
A. tablets dissolve more slowly at higher temperatures
B. temperature has no effect of dissolving rate
C. tablets dissolve at the same time rate regardless of temperature
D. dissolving rate increases as temperature increases
D. dissolving rate increases as temperature increases
which layer of earth is made mostly of liquid iron and nickel?
A. crust
B. mantle
C. outer core
D. inner core
C. outer core
a balloon filled with helium is placed in a freezer. what happens to the balloon?
A. it expands
B. it shrinks
C. it bursts
D. it stays the same size
B. it shrinks
a study measured plant height under three different light colors, (red, blue, green). after 4 weeks:
light color Avg. Height (cm)
red 14
blue 22
green 10
if plants were grown in darkness, which outcome is most likely?
A. taller than under blue light
B. same as under red light
C. shorter than green light
D. equal to 10 cm
C. shorter than green light
Two researchers disagree about the best explanation for rising antibiotic resistance:
Researcher 1: overuse of antibiotics in human medicine is the major cause, as it kills sensitive bacteria and allows resistant strains to survive.
Researcher 2: agricultural use in livestock is the main driver, since resistant bacteria from farms spread into human populations.
if both researchers are correct, which conclusion is strongest?
A. antibiotic resistance has only one source
B. resistance develops in both medical and agricultural settings
C. resistance will decline naturally without human intervention
D. human medicine is unrelated to antibiotic resistance
B. resistance develops in both medical and agricultural settings
a chemistry teacher wanted to test how temperature affects the time it takes for a solid tablet to dissolve in water. she sat up three beakers, each one with 200mL of water. she placed one beaker at 10C , one at 25C, and one at 50C. in each, she dropped an identical tablet and measured how long it took to fully dissolve.
she observed that at 10C the tablet dissolved in 8 minutes, at 25C in 4 minutes, and at 50C in 1 minute.
if the teacher repeated the experiment at 75C, which outcome would be most likely?
A. more than 8 minutes
B. about 4 minutes
C. less than 1 minute
D. exactly 8 minutes
C. less than 1 minute
why do your ears pop when you drive up a mountain?
A. pressure inside the ear becomes lower than the outside air pressure
B. pressure inside the ear becomes higher than outside air pressure
C. your eardrum expands when oxygen increases
D. sound waves cause the eardrum to move differently at high altitudes
B. pressure inside the ear becomes higher than outside air pressure
a student grows bean plants in three identical pots. all receive the same soil, water, and light, but in one pot the student adds fertilizer with extra nitrogen,
What is the most likely effect on the plants in the fertilized pot compared to the others?
A. they will grow taller and produce more leaves
B. they will wilt due to too much nitrogen
C. they will grow shorter because nitrogen slows photosynthesis
D. they will grow the same as the other plants
A. they will grow taller and produce more leaves