Names and Intermediates
This 5-carbon sugar acts as the starting CO2 acceptor and is regenerated at the end of the Calvin cycle
What is Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate?
As derived from its name, Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate has phosphate groups attached to these two specific carbons positions
What are C-1 and C-5?
This enzyme catalyzes the very first step of the Calvin cycle by attaching CO2 to Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate
What is ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase?
This gas is a cofactor in the carboxylation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate in step 1 of the Calvin cycle
What is carbon dioxide?
Glucose units are activated for transfer to a growing glycogen chain by conversion of this sugar nucleotide
What is UDP-glucose?
This is the first 3-carbon intermediate formed immediately after carboxylation in Step 1
What is 3-phosphoglycerate?
In step 4, triose phosphate isomerase converts glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate into this 3 carbon structural isomer containing a ketone group
What is dihydroxyacetone phosphate?
This enzyme catalyzes step 6 in the Calvin cycle, combining glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate to form Fructose-1,6-biphosphate
What is aldolase?
This reduced electron carries cofactor provides the reducing power needed in step 3 of the calvin cycle
What is NADPH?
While photsystem I uses ferredoxins, photosystem II uses these organic molecules instead
What are quinones?
This 3-carbon phosphorylated sugar is produced in Step 3 to form glucose and other carbohydrates
What is glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate?
The products of steps 1-4 each have this number of carbons
What is 3?
This enzyme catalyzes step 3, using NADPH to convert 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
What is glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase?
This polyatomic anion is produced as a side product during the conversion of FBP to F-6-P
What is phosphate?
Photosynthesis depends on the photoreactivity of this Magnesium-containing porphyrin derivative
What is chlorophyll?
In the Calvin cycle, fructose-6-phosphate is converted into this sugar phosphate before being converted into glucose
In step 6 of the Calvin cycle, this carbon position is dephosphorylated
What is C-1?
This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to glucose-6-phosphate
What is phosphoglucoisomerase?
For a full turn of 6 CO2 and 12 NADPH molecules, a total of 18 of these energy rich molecules are consumed
What is ATP?
Named after the wavelengths of light that they absorb, these are the names for the Ch1 reaction centers of Photosystem I and II, respectively
After step 8, glucose is further converted into one of these two carbohydrates that are almost exclusively found in plants
What are starch and cellulose?
Glucose is an aldose sugar, but fructose and ribulose are both this kind of sugar
What is phosphoribulose kinase?
When ATP is used in step 2, twelve of this molecule is produced as a side product
What is ADP?
These are the possible fates of light energy absorbed by photosynthetic pigments
What are loss as heat, loss as light, resonance energy transfer and energy transduction?