Foundations of Communication
What are the “4Cs + 1” of effective international business communication?
Clarity, Conciseness, Courtesy, Correctness, Cultural Sensitivity
What does “faux pas” mean in English?
A social or cultural mistake (“false step”)
Which cultures tend to communicate directly: the U.S. or Japan?
The U.S.
In which countries is punctuality crucial for business meetings?
Germany and Japan
What is a common conflict-avoidance style in Japan?
Using indirect or polite language
Which “C” focuses on being respectful even under pressure?
Courtesy
In Japan, how should a business card be accepted?
With both hands, viewed respectfully, and not pocketed immediately
Why might silence in Japan be viewed positively?
It shows respect and thoughtfulness
What is the preferred greeting in Japan?
Bowing
What type of negotiation style is common in the U.S.?
Competitive and results-oriented
Give one example of how clarity can prevent misunderstanding in cross-border teams.
Setting specific time/date or clear instructions
Why was a French businessman’s order of beef offensive to his Indian partner?
Because Hindus often consider cows sacred and avoid beef
In what cultures is close personal space common?
Latin American and Southern European cultures
In which type of culture is respect for seniority more important: hierarchical or egalitarian?
Hierarchical cultures
What do Chinese negotiators often prioritize in business deals?
Long-term relationships
What is the key difference between domestic and international business communication?
Dealing with multiple cultures, languages, and expectations
What cultural mistake did a European executive make in Thailand?
Touched a child’s head, which is disrespectful
What gesture is positive in the U.S. but offensive in parts of Europe and South America?
The “OK” hand gesture
Why might gift-giving be viewed as bribery in the U.S.?
Because it can violate business ethics rules
What is one polite way to clarify a misunderstanding in cross-cultural communication?
Ask questions respectfully or paraphrase for confirmation
Why is cultural sensitivity considered equally important as language proficiency?
Because awareness of values and etiquette prevents offense and builds trust
What lesson can we learn from these examples about doing business abroad?
Research and respect local customs and etiquette before meetings
How can nonverbal communication cause misunderstandings in global teams?
Gestures, eye contact, and body language vary by culture
Give one way to show respect for hierarchy in Asian business contexts.
Wait for senior members to speak first or make decisions
How can cultural awareness improve international negotiation outcomes?
By fostering mutual respect, trust, and smoother collaboration