Canada's Provinces and Territories
This is the easternmost province of Canada, known for its fishing and lobster.
Newfoundland and Labrador (commonly called Newfoundland)
Canada is often divided into broad physical regions like the Arctic, the Canadian Shield, and the Great Plains. Which of these regions is mostly in the far north and has very cold temperatures and ice?
Arctic (or Arctic region)
A large area of sand beside the ocean where people walk and play is called a __________.
beach
Name one industry that depends on forests in Canada.
Forestry (also acceptable: lumber, paper industry)
What is one negative effect logging (cutting trees) can have on forests?
habitat loss for animals, increased erosion, or fewer trees for wildlife.
Name the Canadian territory in the far north that has Iqaluit as its capital.
Nunavut
The Canadian Shield is known for its rocky land and many lakes. True or False?
True
Match the resource to where it is commonly found in Canada: forestry, oil, minerals.
forestry — British Columbia; oil — Alberta (or Newfoundland & Labrador offshore); minerals — Canadian Shield (Ontario, Quebec, Manitoba)
What effect can oil extraction have on local environments? Give one example.
Example effects: oil spills can harm water and wildlife; habitat disruption from drilling.
Name one way mining can affect nearby water or land.
Mining can pollute water with chemicals (tailings), remove topsoil, or cause landscape changes.
Which province is the largest by land area and includes the city of Toronto?
Ontario
Describe one way the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands region is different from the Mountain regions in western Canada. (Short answer.)
The Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands are flatter and have richer soil for farming, while Mountain regions are steep and have high elevations and forests.
What is a natural resource? Give one example.
A natural resource is something found in nature that people can use; example: timber, fish, oil, minerals.
Farmers sometimes use irrigation to water crops. Why might irrigation be needed on the Prairies?
Irrigation may be needed because the Prairies can have dry periods and less rainfall, so farmers water crops to ensure growth.
How can fisheries cause problems if not managed carefully?
overfishing can reduce fish populations, harming food chains and communities.
What do we call the leader of a province?
Premier
Which physical region has the tallest mountains in Canada? Name the region.
Western Cordillera / Mountains (Rocky Mountains)
Which physical region has the tallest mountains in Canada? Name the region.
Western Cordillera / Mountains (Rocky Mountains)
Describe one way people can protect wildlife while still using natural resources. (Short answer — example: protected areas or sustainable harvesting.)
Create protected areas (national/provincial parks), set limits on how much can be harvested, use sustainable logging practices, or restore habitats.
Describe one way people can protect wildlife while still using natural resources.
protection methods: create parks and protected areas, set harvesting limits, practice sustainable harvesting, and restore habitats after use.
List three provinces that border the Great Lakes.
Ontario, Quebec, and Manitoba;or Ontario, Quebec, Manitoba; or Ontario, Quebec, and Saskatchewan
Explain why the Prairie region is good for farming.
The Prairies have flat land and fertile soil with a climate good for growing grains (e.g., wheat), making them ideal for farming.
Explain how the Canadian Shield’s rocks and minerals helped shape industries in that region.
The Canadian Shield has many exposed rocks and mineral deposits; mining developed there to extract metals like nickel, gold, and copper, supporting local economies.
Choose an industry (fishing, mining, forestry, or oil/gas). Describe one environmental challenge that industry faces and one action people can take to reduce that challenge. (Short answer.)
Fishing — challenge: overfishing reduces fish populations; action: set quotas, create marine protected areas, and practice sustainable fishing methods.
Explain how renewable energy (like wind or hydroelectric power) can help reduce some environmental impacts of fossil fuel industries.
Renewable energy reduces greenhouse gas emissions compared with fossil fuels; hydro and wind produce electricity with less air pollution and smaller carbon footprints, helping reduce climate change and local pollution.