Cancer Facts
A client complaining of a nagging cough makes an appointment to see the physician after reading that it is a warning sign of cancer. What is another sign of cancer?
A. Rash
B. Indigestion
C. Chronic Ache/Pain
D. Persistent Nausea
What is...B Indigestion
Warning signs include: changes in bowel/bladder habits, a sore that doesn't heal, unusual bleeding/discharge, thickening/lump, obvious change in a wart/mole, nagging cough, and indigestion/difficulty swallowing
A nurse is providing information at a community center about screening for cancer prevention. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Females should have a mammogram every 2 years beginning at age 45.
B. Males and females should have a colonoscopy every 5 years beginning at age 60.
C. Females will need to have an annual breast examination after the age of 40.
D. Males and females should have a fecal occult test done every 2 to 3 years.
What is...C. Females will need to have an annual breast examination after the age of 40.
The nurse is caring for a female client experiencing neutropenia as a result of chemotherapy and develops a plan of care for the client. The nurse plans to:
A. Teach the client and family about the need for hand hygiene
B. Insert an indwelling catheter to prevent skin breakdown
C. Restrict fluid intake
D. Restrict all visitors
What is...A. Teach the client and family about the need for hand hygiene
Meticulous hand hygiene education is important for patient, family, visitors, and staff to avoid transmission-based infection.
The client with cancer receives chemotherapy and develops thrombocytopenia. The nurse identifies which intervention as the highest priority?
A. Monitoring temperature
B. Monitoring for pathological factors
C. Ambulation three times a day
D. Monitoring platelet count
What is...D. Monitoring platelet count
Thrombocytopenia indicates a decrease in the number of platelets in the circulating blood. The major concern is bleeding.
The nurse is teaching the 47-year-old female about recommended screening practices for breast cancer. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the nurse’s instructions?
A. My mother and grandmother had breast cancer, so I am at risk
B. I get a mammography every 2 years since I turned 30
C. A clinical breast examination is performed every month since I turned 40
D. A CT scan will be done every year after I turn 50
What is...A. My mother and grandmother had breast cancer, so I am at risk
A strong family history of breast cancer indicates a higher risk.
Nausea and vomiting are common adverse effects of radiation and chemotherapy. When should the nurse administer an antiemetic?
A. When radiation is complete
B. Immediately after nausea begins
C. With the administration of therapy
D. 30 minutes before the initiation of therapy
What is... D. 30 minutes before the initiation of therapy
Which of the following nursing actions will best help the patient with cancer to control pain?
A. Assess the patient’s anxiety level
B. Assess the patient’s understanding of the side effects of pain medication
C. Encourage the patient to use nonpharmacological methods for pain
D. Teach the use of a relaxation exercise to be used with prescribed analgesics
What is...D. Teach the use of relaxation exercise to be used with prescribed analgesics
Combination therapy is a more effective approach to managing pain in these patients.
Select the screening mechanism that is accurately paired with its recommendation
A. Colorectal screening: start at 50 then every 6 months
B. Colorectal screening start at 60 then every 2 years
C. Cervical screening start at 30 and then annually
D. Cervical screening start at 21 and then every 3 years
What is... D. Cervical screenings start at 21 and then every 3 years after
Which of the following patients will benefit from hospice care?
A. A patient with liver cancer expected to live 4 to 6 weeks
B. A patient having multiple side effects from aggressive chemo
C. A patient who is trying to make a decision about cancer treatment
D. A patient with uncontrolled pain related to cancer and radiation treatment
What is...A. A patient with liver cancer expected to live 4 to 6 weeks
The community nurse is conducting a health program at a local school and is discussing the risk factors associated with cancer. Which of the following, if identified by the client as a risk factor, indicates a need for further instructions?
A. Stress
B. Exposure to radiation
C. Viral factors
D. Low fat and high fiber diet
What is...D. Low fat and high fiber diet
A diet high in fat may be a factor in the development of breast, colon, and prostate cancers. High-fiber diets reduce the risk of cancer.
A community health nurse is instructing a group of female clients about breast self-examination. The nurse instructs the clients to perform the examinations:
A. At the onset of menstruation
B. Every month during ovulation
C. Weekly at the same time of day
D. 1 week after menstruation begins
This is when the breast are more tender so masses are more palpable
A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing chemotherapy and reports feeling nauseous. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
A. Your nausea will lessen with each chemotherapy treatment
B. You should be able to tolerate hot foods better
C. Try eating several small meals throughout the day
D. Increase your intake of red meat as tolerated
What is... C. Try eating several small meals throughout the day
A patient asks, “How do malignant tumors differ from benign tumors?” Which of the following statements by the nurse are correct? Select all that apply.
1. Malignant tumors invade surrounding cells and tissues
2. Malignant tumors are generally encapsulated.
3. Malignant tumors remain localized.
4. Cells in malignant tumors stop dividing prematurely
5. Cells in malignant tumors lack contact inhibition
6. Malignant tumors have defective cell communication
What is 1,5,6
Which of the following immunizations should not be given to a 4-month-old sibling of a client with leukemia?
A. Oral poliovirus vaccine
B. Hepatitis B vaccine
C. Diphtheria and tetanus and pertussis (DTP)
D. Haemophilius influenzae type b (Hib)
What is A. Oral poliovirus vaccine
OPV is a live attenuated virus excreted in the stool. The excreted virus can be communicated to the immunosuppressed child, resulting in an overwhelming infection. Inactivated polio vaccine is indicated
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and is on neutropenic precautions. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply
A. Apply prolonged pressure to puncture sites
B. Remove fresh flowers from the room
C. Have the client wear a mask when leaving the room
D. Leave client-specific equipment in the room
E. Eliminate raw foods from the client’s diet
What is... B.C,D,E