Risk Factors and Causes
Name two lifestyle-related risk factors for stomach cancer.
Smoking and a diet high in smoked or salty foods
These genes act as the "brakes" of the cell cycle and help prevent cancer when functioning normally.
Tumor Suppressor Genes
In this early stage of gastric cancer, the tumor is confined to the inner layers of the stomach wall and has not spread to lymph nodes or distant sites.
Stage 1 Gastric Cancer
This common bacterial infection significantly increases the risk of developing stomach cancer.
This is the process by which cancer spreads from its original site to other parts of the body.
Metastasis
Stage IV gastric cancer means the cancer has done this.
Metastasis to the distant organs
This type of genetic mutation causes normal growth-regulating genes to become permanently active, promoting uncontrolled cell division.
Oncogene
On a cellular level, describe what happens to gastric epithelial cells during cancer development.
Mutation and uncontrolled growth of gastric epithelial cells leading to invasion of stomach layers
Name three common treatment options for gastric cancer.
surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy