General Cancer
This is the medical term for a cancer that has spread to different organs.
What is metastatic?
This gene is mutated in 90% of pancreatic cancer.
What is Ras?
This gene is the most commonly mutated gene in cancer.
What is p53 or TP53?
This regulatory program is how epithelial cells can invade, resist apoptosis, and disseminate.
What is epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)?
This famous computer company founder/nerd died of pancreatic cancer at age 56.
Who is Steve Jobs?
The lifetime probability for developing cancer in males and females is this number.
What is 1 in 3?
Studies on this virus lead to the discovery of the first oncogene, v-SRC and a Nobel Prize in 1966, based on studies that showed cancer development in chickens.
What is Rous sarcoma virus (RSV)?
This gene was the basis of the two-hit hypothesis proposed by Alfred Knudson.
What is retinoblastoma?
This hallmark of cancer is the most fundamental trait of cancer cells.
What is sustaining proliferative signaling?
This now "Ghost" 57 year old actor died of pancreatic cancer and was famous for saying "Nobody puts baby in the corner".
Who is Patrick Swayze
This risk factor greatly increases the risk of breast cancer in addition to risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
What is obesity?
This drug targets the ATP binding pocket of the BCR- ABL oncogene.
What is imatinib/Gleevec?
This in vitro experiment was the first to show that loss of function in genes was also a cause of cancer.
What are cell fusion experiments?
VEGF signaling contributes to this hallmark of cancer.
What is angiogenesis?
This 38 year old woman died of ovarian cancer and thus was ineligible to win the Nobel prize for the discovery of DNA structure.
Who is Rosalind Franklin
This type of cancer derives from hormone secreting cells.
What is adenoma?
This type of mutation is most commonly found in Ras.
What is a point mutation?
Name two normal cellular functions of activated p53.
What are
1) cell cycle arrest
2) apoptosis
3) senescence
4) differentiation
5) DNA repair
These drugs target replicative immortality.
What are telomerase inhibitors?
This 31 year old woman died of cervical cancer and her cancer cells became the source first immortal cell line, though without her consent.
Who is Henrietta Lacks
DOUBLE JEOPARDY Y'ALL. A vaccine against this virus has reduced the risk of common type of female cancer by 50%.
What is HPV and cervical cancer?
This type of mutation causes hypersensitivity to growth factors and is exemplified by ERBB2 in breast cancer.
What is amplification?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY, Y'ALL>
These are four types of mutations that typically inactivate TS genes.
What are
1) nonsense mutations
2) frameshift mutations
3) splice site mutations
4) large deletions
These drugs target the hallmark "evading growth suppressors."
What are cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors?
This famous singer died at age 36 from metastatic melanoma after failing to undergo treatment for a "dark spot" underneath his toe nail.
Who is Bob Marley