Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
Building Blocks
Vocab
100
How many hydroxyl groups are in the simple sugar glucose?
5
100
How many sugar(s) molecules do DISACCHARIDES have?
Two sugar molecules
100
Which other word is synonymous to polysaccharides?
Glycans
100
Do monosaccharides come in different shapes and sizes?
Yes
100
What are monosaccharides?
An organic molecule that includes a carbon chain, C=O group, and C-OH groups.
200
How many Carbonyl groups are in simple sugar glucose?
1, located in the first carbon atom in its linear chain form.
200
What TWO sugars do disaccharides use to make sucrose?
Glucose and Fructose
200
Is starch an example of a polysaccharide?
Yes
200
What kind of sizes of carbon chains can a monosaccharide have?
Short or long
200
What is a glycosidic linkage?
A covalent bond that links monosaccharides together to form polymers.
300
What is the difference between the linear form and ring form of a monosaccharide?
Linear form has carbon atoms arranged in a straight chain, ring form has carbon atoms form into a closed loop with an oxygen atom
300
What are the THREE disaccharide sugars?
Sucrose, Maltose, Dextrose
300
What glycan does this image show?
Cellulose
300
What are monosaccharides also known as?
Simple Sugars
300
What is a glycan?
A polymer made up of many monosaccharides joined by glycosidic linkage.
400
What defines a monosaccharide?
Carbon chain backbone, (C=O) carbonyl group, several (-OH) hydroxyl groups
400
Can disaccharides be made of ONLY one sugar molecule?
No
400
What is the purpose of the small glycans attached cell surfaces?
They distinguish different cell types and function as “street addresses/ zip codes”
400
What links together to form polymers via covalent bonds called glycosidic linkages?
Monosaccharides
400
What are carbohydrates?
They are a family of molecules that include both monosaccharides and glycans.
500
What is the standard formula used for the molecule carbohydrates?
(C6H12O6) or the expression (CH2O)n
500
What type of BOND is sucrose made of?
Glycosidic bond
500
What is the purpose of glycogen?
Energy storage and processing
500
What are the 3 common elements of monosaccharides?
1) a chain of carbons
2) a C=O group
3) several -OH groups
500
What structures do monosaccharides form?
It can form a linear or form a ring structure.