BASIC CONCEPTS
(MCQ)
What are carbohydrates primarily used for in the body?
A. Insulation
B. Energy source
C. Hormone production
D. DNA storage
Answer: B
Explanation: Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of energy, especially for the brain and muscles.
(MCQ)
Which is a monosaccharide?
A. Maltose
B. Lactose
C. Glucose
D. Starch
Answer: C
Explanation: Monosaccharides are single sugar units like glucose and fructose.
(MCQ)
Where does carbohydrate digestion begin?
A. Stomach
B. Mouth
C. Small intestine
D. Liver
Answer: B
Explanation: Salivary amylase starts breaking down starch in the mouth.
(MCQ)
What process uses glucose to produce energy?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Digestion
D. Circulation
Answer: B
Explanation: Cellular respiration converts glucose into ATP.
(MCQ)
Why are carbohydrates important in diet?
A. Build muscles only
B. Form bones
C. Provide energy
D. Carry oxygen
Answer: C
Explanation: They are the body’s main energy source.
(True/False)
All carbohydrates taste sweet.
Answer: False
Explanation: Simple sugars taste sweet, but complex carbohydrates like starch do not.
(True/False)
Lactose is found in milk.
Answer: True
Explanation: Lactose is known as “milk sugar.”
(True/False)
Amylase breaks down starch into smaller sugars.
Answer: True
Explanation: It converts starch into maltose and other smaller sugars.
(True/False)
ATP is the energy currency of the cell.
Answer: True
Explanation: ATP stores and transfers energy in cells.
(True/False)
All carbohydrates are unhealthy.
Answer: False
Explanation: Many carbohydrates (like whole grains and fruits) are essential for health.
(MCQ)
What elements make up carbohydrates?
A. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
B. Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen
C. Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
D. Carbon, sulfur, oxygen
Answer: A
Explanation: Carbohydrates consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, usually in a 1:2:1 ratio.
(MCQ)
Which carbohydrate is used for energy storage in animals?
A. Cellulose
B. Glycogen
C. Starch
D. Glucose
Answer: B
Explanation: Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles.
(MCQ)
Which organ stores excess glucose?
A. Heart
B. Liver
C. Lungs
D. Kidneys
Answer: B
Explanation: The liver stores glucose as glycogen.
(MCQ)
Where does cellular respiration occur?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Golgi apparatus
Answer: C
Explanation: Mitochondria are the site of ATP production.
(MCQ)
Which food is high in complex carbohydrates?
A. Candy
B. Soda
C. Whole grains
D. Syrup
Answer: C
Explanation: Whole grains contain starch and fiber.
(True/False)
Polysaccharides are made of many sugar units.
Answer: True
Explanation: Polysaccharides like starch and glycogen are long chains of monosaccharides.
(MCQ)
Which is a polysaccharide?
A. Fructose
B. Glucose
C. Starch
D. Maltose
Answer: C
Explanation: Starch is a long chain of glucose molecules.
(True/False)
Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that aids digestion.
Answer: True
Explanation: Though not digested, fiber helps digestive health.
(MCQ)
What happens during low glucose levels?
A. Glycogen is formed
B. Fat is ignored
C. Protein is stored
D. Glycogen is broken down
Answer: D
Explanation: Glycogen is broken down to release glucose.
(MCQ)
Which condition involves high blood glucose levels?
A. Anemia
B. Diabetes
C. Asthma
D. Hypertension
Answer: B
Explanation: Diabetes affects glucose regulation.
(MCQ)
Which carbohydrate is the main energy source in cells?
A. Starch
B. Cellulose
C. Glucose
D. Lactose
Answer: C
Explanation: Glucose is directly used in cellular respiration.
(MCQ)
Which carbohydrate provides structural support in plants?
A. Starch
B. Glycogen
C. Cellulose
D. Glucose
Answer: C
Explanation: Cellulose forms plant cell walls.
(MCQ)
What happens if glucose is not immediately needed?
A. Converted to glycogen
B. It is excreted
C. Turned into protein
D. Destroyed
Answer: A
Explanation: Excess glucose is stored as glycogen.
(MCQ)
What is glycogenolysis?
A. Breakdown of glycogen
B. Formation of glucose
C. Digestion of starch
D. Absorption of sugar
Answer: A
Explanation: Glycogenolysis releases glucose from glycogen.
(MCQ)
What is the glycemic index?
A. Measure of protein
B. Measure of fat
C. Measure of vitamins
D. Measure of how fast carbs raise blood sugar
Answer: D
Explanation: It shows how quickly foods increase blood glucose.