Sometimes known as "fruit sugar" or "levulose," this monosaccharide is found abundantly in fruits, honey, and saps.
What is fructose?
100
Glucose + glucose
What is maltose?
100
An animal polysaccharide composed of glucose, this is a storage form of energy in the body.
What is glycogen?
100
Cellulose and hemicellulose belong to this fibrous category.
What is insoluble?
100
A hormone in the pancreas which controls the transport of glucose from the bloodstream.
What is insulin?
200
This monosaccharide is part of the disaccharide, lactose, and occurs naturally in foods as a single sugar only in very small amounts.
What is galactose?
200
Glucose + fructose; this disaccharide appears as "sugar" on a nutrition facts list.
What is sucrose?
200
The storage of glucose in plants alone makes this group of polysaccharides.
What are starches?
200
Lignins and resistant starch belong to this fibrous category.
What is insoluble?
200
A hormone secreted in the pancreas in response to low blood glucose concentration.
What is glucagon?
300
Commonly known as "blood sugar" in the body, or "dextrose" in foods, this monosaccharide is always one of the two sugars in every disaccharide.
What is glucose?
300
Glucose + galactose; commonly known as "milk sugar."
What is lactose?
300
The difference between occasionally branched chains of starch molecules and unbranched chains supplies us these two terms.
What are amylopectin and amylose?
300
Gums and pectins belong to this fibrous category.
What is soluble?
300
A chronic disorder usually resulting from insufficient of ineffective insulin.
What is diabetes?
400
A single sugar formed of 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogens, and 6 oxygen.
What is a monosaccharide?
400
A chemical reaction that links two monosaccharides together with a single oxygen.
What is condensation?
400
This nonstarch polysaccharide can be dissolved in water.
What is soluble fiber?
400
A soluble fiber derived from seeds and used as a laxative and food additive.
What is psyllium?
400
An abnormally low blood glucose concentration.
What is hypoglycemia?
500
3 disaccharides made up of monosaccharides, each containing one glucose molecule.
What are maltose, sucrose, and lactose?
500
A chemical reaction that breaks a disaccharide in two, commonly occurring in digestion.
What is hydrolysis?
500
Unable to dissolve in water, this carbohydrate offers health benefits such as alleviating constipation and lowering the risk of colon and rectal cancers.
What is insoluble fiber?
500
This fibrous category offers health benefits such as increased satiety as well as lower risks of heart disease and diabetes.
What is soluble?
500
In the form of energy, carbohydrates supply this many.