Atmospheric Trends
Geography
The Oceans
LULC
Potpourri
100
The longest measured record of atmospheric CO2 is from this location
What is Mauna Loa, Hawaii?
100
This country has the highest anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions
What is China?
100
This process is a result of the oceans taking up carbon dioxide emissions and is leading to coral reef degradation
What is ocean acidification?
100
This three letter acronym is used to describe the rate of accumulation of organic carbon in terrestrial ecosystems
What is NPP (net primary production)?
100
Exxon is an example of a company that is researching the process of trapping carbon dioxide from refineries and storing it underground in this process
What is carbon capture and sequestration?
200
Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are currently approximately this concentration
What is 429 parts per million?
200
This country is the second largest emitter of greenhouse gases and the largest historical emitter
What is the United States?
200
When carbon dioxide dissolves into the ocean, it dissociates into these two other chemicals
What are carbonate and bicarbonate ions?
200
This process is commemorated on the State Seal of Indiana
What is deforestation?
200
This is the United Nations body charged with assessing and updating science related to climate change
What is the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change or IPCC?
300
Since the beginning of measurements in the late 1950s, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations have been changing in this way
What is increasing steadily?
300
Most of the fire currently taking place on the Earth is on this continent
What is Africa?
300
As carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere and in surface seawater have increased, this essential chemical measurement of seawater has decreased
What is pH?
300
This is the primary way in which inorganic carbon is turned into organic carbon
What is photosynthesis?
300
Carbon monoxide and black carbon are products of this process
What is incomplete combustion of organic matter?
400
This is the largest source of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions
What is fossil fuel burning?
400
Photosynthesis rates in the ocean are highest in these areas, where nutrients are highest, leading to the idea that ocean fertilization might be a good way to reduce atmospheric CO2.
What is coastal areas?
400
Carbonic acid in rain can dissolve limestone rocks, releasing more CO2 and forming more carbonic acid in this type of feedback.
What is a positive feedback?
400
Most of the organic carbon on Earth is stored in this reservoir or pool of the carbon cycle, formed from dead plant organic matter
What are soils and sediments?
400
The vast majority of carbon dioxide removal projects that have taken place already are of this type
What is afforestation or reforestation?
500
This causes observed seasonal variation in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere
What is higher terrestrial photosynthesis rates in summer and higher respiration rates in winter?
500
A giant karst sinkhole famously opened up on a webcam in this museum
What is the Corvette Museum in Bowling Green, Kentucky
500
Oceanographers have made measurements of pH and alkalinity near the Mauna Loa observatory at this long term monitoring site in Hawaii
What is Station ALOHA?
500
Most of the extra carbon photosynthesized from the fertilization effect (due to extra atmospheric CO2) is allocated to this part of plants
What is the roots?
500
Mining and spreading silicate rocks on beaches to lock up CO2 on geologic time scales is a type of carbon dioxide removal called this
What is enhanced weathering?