Functional Groups
This is an example of a substance with a sulfhydryl group
This is an example of a substance with a sulfhydryl groupWhat is cysteine?
The element present in all organic molecules
Ethanol, propanol, and methanol all share this same functional group
Hydroxyl group
When the same # and type of atoms and/or double bonds are present, but are just located in different parts of the molecule
What happens in structural isomers?
These are the two compound names for the carbonyl functional group
What are ketones and aldehydes?
The chemical versatility of carbon atoms allows organic molecules to be ___________.
Very complex
Ethanol, propanol, and methanol have this in common.
Isomers, that are mirror images of each other. (Ibuprofen is a mix of these!)
What are enantiomers?
The most (and only) true nonpolar functional group
What is a methyl group?
The shape formed by hybrid orbitals when a carbon is covalently bound by four other atoms
When would a tetrahedron with a carbon in the center be found?
What two functional groups does a compound need in order to be considered an amino acid?
Carboxyl (-COOH) and Amino (-NH2) functional groups
What is the difference between the cis and trans isomers?
The cis-isomer has the two similar x groups on opposite sides of one another, while the trans-isomers have those x groups on the same side
The functional group most likely to be responsible for an organic molecule behaving as a base
What is an amino group?
These are the four types of structures that carbon can make
How do length, double bond position, branching, and rings relate to carbon?
Which of the following functional groups is associated with a release of energy when removed from the carbon skeleton with water?
How does a size of a hydrocarbon affect its isomers?
The number of possible isomers increases as the carbon skeleton grows in size
These hormones both have different functional groups attached to the same carbon skeleton
How do testosterone and estradiol differ from each other?
These are the three properties of hydrocarbons in relation to water attraction, energy storage, and polarity
Hydrophobic, nonpolar, great source of energy
Acetic acid contains this proton-donating functional group
What is an example of a substance with a carboxyl group?
A molecule has one carbon-carbon double bond and four monovalent atoms or groups. How many different cis-trans isomers exist for this molecule?
2 cis-trans isomers