Carbs
The monomer of carbohydrates are...
Monosaccharides (ex. glucose)
Lipids are generally __ in water
In the phospholipid bilayer, this part faces water
Hydrophilic head
Water includes these types of bonds. Be specific!
Polar covalent
Butter is solid at room temperature, meaning it has a lot of these fatty acids
Saturated fatty acids
The type of bond in a disaccharide or polysaccharide
Glycosidic linkage
Difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
Unsaturated fatty acids include double bonds while saturated fatty acids do not. What does this imply about its fluidity?
If a membrane has phospholipids with really long hydrocarbon tails, it tells us this about its melting point
Higher melting point
RNA is __ stranded and includes this unique base (two answers)
Single-stranded; uracil
Cholesterol is this type of molecule that has hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties
Amphipathic
Phospholipids are described as amphipathic. What does this mean?
Hydrophilic and hydrophobic components
Role of membrane proteins (multiple possible answers)
Transport, signaling, recognition, enzymatic activity, etc.
These types of bonds are found in the secondary structure of proteins
Hydrogen bonds
A protein is attached to one side of the cell membrane, making it this class of membrane protein
Polysaccharide acting as a form of energy storage in animal cells. Where is it found? (two answers)
Glycogen; liver or muscle
Steroids usually contain this distinct structure
Four fused rings
Cholesterol contributes to this quality of the plasma membrane
Fluidity
A double-stranded DNA sample contains 5% cytosine, meaning it has this percentage of adenine
45%
An ion channel is this type of macromolecule
Protein
These molecules could act as a form of "cell-identity"
Glycoprotein or Glycolipid
The important structure that phospholipids make up
Cell membrane
An aquaporin is this type of membrane protein
Transmembrane
See powerpoint
2 amino acids (1 peptide bond)
Aquaporins selectively allow water to pass through the membrane. These types of R-groups line the channel to facilitate water transport.
Polar R-groups