Key Terms & Ideas
This term refers to the ideal of white, middle-class, “proper” womanhood that sets the social standard.
What is normative white femininity?
Tomi Lahren mocked Cardi B’s intelligence after she criticized this president.
Who is Donald Trump?
Moya Bailey coined this term to describe anti-Black misogyny.
What is misogynoir?
This type of citizenship, performed by Cardi B, is grounded in working-class Black identity.
What is hoodmade citizenship?
She is the author of “Didn’t She Used to Sell That WAP?”
Who is Raquel Moreira?
Working-class and Black femininities are often framed as too loud, sexual, or this
What is excessive (or uncivil)?
Cardi B responded to Lahren’s insults with this viral threat.
What is “I will dog walk you”?
Moreira draws on this idea from Black feminist thought — that the personal and the political are inseparable.
What is intersectionality (or feminist standpoint theory)?
Cardi B’s “WAP” persona symbolizes this form of female expression often deemed “improper.”
What is sexual autonomy (or unapologetic sexuality)?
Raquel Moreira is a professor at this college.
What is University of Maryland?
This phrase refers to public actions through which marginalized women claim belonging.
What is (hoodmade or homemade) citizenship?
DeAnna Lorraine said America needs “more Melanias and less Cardis.” Cardi clapped back with this famous line.
What is “Didn’t she used to sell that WAP?”
Twitter functions as this kind of digital democratic arena — though it’s often unequal.
Twitter functions as this kind of digital democratic arena — though it’s often unequal.
White conservative women’s attacks on Cardi B are examples of this disciplinary behavior.
What is know-your-place aggression?
Moreira’s work often examines intersections of gender, race, and this socioeconomic category.
What is class?
The online backlash against Cardi B shows how these two systems intersect to silence women of color.
What are racism and sexism?
Moreira says these women weaponize femininity to maintain racial and class hierarchies.
What are white conservative women?
The article suggests that “civility” is a coded tool for maintaining this social hierarchy.
What is white supremacy (or racial hierarchy)?
Moreira contrasts Cardi B’s openness with Melania Trump’s image of this virtue.
What is “classiness” or modesty?
Moreira often studies how marginalized women use this to claim agency.
What is media (or digital platforms)?
Twitter allows marginalized voices to create this kind of shared online community.
What is a counterpublic (or Black Twitter)?
Moreira interprets these exchanges as modern examples of this form of social control.
What is racialized gender policing?
Moreira extends this scholar’s idea of “homemade citizenship” to include Cardi B’s working-class background.
Who is Koritha Mitchell?
The author views Cardi B’s clapbacks as performances of this — speaking truth to power from the margins.
What is feminist resistance (or truth-telling)?
Her research contributes to this broader academic field focusing on communication and identity.
What are cultural and rhetorical studies?