MISC cardiac.
P wave
What is atrial depolarization on ECG?
The atria quiver instead of contracting effectively
What happens to the atria during atrial fibrillation?
prolonged PR interval
What is first-degree heart block?
No lifting >10 lbs for 4 weeks, no arm elevation above shoulder for 1–2 weeks.
what are post-procedure teaching points for pacemaker patients?
Atherosclerotic plaque buildup that narrows coronary arteries.
What causes coronary artery disease?
QRS complex
Which part of the ECG represents ventricular depolarization?
Stroke due to clot formation in the atria.
What is the primary risk associated with atrial fibrillation?
Wenckebach.
What is Second degree type 1 heart block.?
This can cause malfunction or inappropriate shocks.
Why should pacemaker patients avoid placing magnetic items near their device?
occurs with exertion vs. occurs at rest or increases in frequency/severity.
What is the difference between stable and unstable angina?
Heart rate below 60BPM originated from the SA node
What is the definition of sinus bradycardia?
Immediate defibrillation and CPR.
What immediate action should be taken for pulseless VT?
Second-degree Type II or Third-degree heart block
Which type of heart block often requires a pacemaker?
pacing delivered transcutaneously for symptomatic bradycardia
What is external pacing ?
Restore blood flow to the heart by bypassing blocked arteries using grafts.
What is the primary goal of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery?
Smoking, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, hypertension, diabetes
What are modifiable risk factors for CAD?
Irregular pulse, palpitations, dyspnea, fatigue
Name two common symptoms of atrial fibrillation.
No communication between atria and ventricles
What is a distinguishing feature of third-degree heart block?
Implantable cardioverter/ defibrillator (ICD)
Avoid lifting >10 lbs, attend cardiac rehab, adhere to medications, report chest pain or SOB, follow a heart-healthy diet.
List two key nursing teaching points for a client after CABG surgery.
Use a soft toothbrush, avoid contact sports, report bleeding and take meds as prescribed
what are the teaching points for a patient on anticoagulant therapy?
fatigue, dizziness, syncope, shortness of breath
what are symptoms of bradycardia?
MI, medications (beta-blockers, digoxin), electrolyte imbalance.
What are common causes of heart block?
obtain chest x-ray after procedure, monitor O2 saturation
Patient teaching after CABG
what is cough and deep breathing, use incentive spirometer, and assist patient to chair within 24 hrs of surgery