Clogged Arteries
What is the most common cause of coronary artery disease?
What is Atherosclerosis (plaque buildup)?
What is the most common cause of heart failure in the U.S.?
What are Coronary artery disease and hypertension?
Which cardiac enzyme rises first after myocardial injury?
What is Tropinin N or I?
Slower heart rate, decrease blood pressure, reduce heart attack risk by 30%
What is the expected/possible effects of beta blockers?
Where is the normal location to auscultate the apical pulse?
What is 5th intercostal space, midclavicular line?
A patient with exertional chest pain relieved by rest likely has what condition?
What is Stable angina?
A patient with dyspnea, crackles, and orthopnea likely has which type of HF?
What is Left-sided heart failure?
What diagnostic test visualizes the heart’s structure and function using ultrasound?
What is Echocardiogram
Meds end in "PRIL" and can help treat blood pressure and heart failure.
What are ACE inhibitors?
Shortness of breath, Dyspnea on exertion, lung crackles and pitting edema on extremities
What is pulmonary edema?
What lab test measures inflammation associated with atherosclerosis?
What is High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)?
What laboratory value is most useful to confirm a diagnosis of heart failure?
What is BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide)?
A patient with LDL 190 mg/dL and HDL 35 mg/dL is at risk for what?
What Atherosclerosis and CAD?
What Blood work needs to be monitored when you patient is on Lasix or Bumex?
What is potassium level ?
Name abnormal heart sounds that may indicate heart failure.
What are S3 and S4?
List two modifiable risk factors and two nonmodifiable risk factors for CAD.
Modifiable: smoking, hyperlipidemia;
Nonmodifiable: age, family history
What home care daily assessment do we need to do for patient with heart failure?
What is daily weights?
What noninvasive test evaluates how the heart responds to exercise?
What are Cardiac stress test or exercise tolerance test?
lower LDL cholesterol
What are Statins?
You assess a patient and find jugular vein distention while sitting at 45°. What does this finding suggest?
What is Right-sided heart failure or fluid overload?
What is the pathophysiologic event that triggers an acute coronary syndrome leading to unstable angina or MI?
What is Rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque causing thrombus formation and vessel occlusion
What compensatory mechanisms can occur in heart failure?
What are SNS activation, RAS activation, myocardial hypertrophy?
What are at least three nursing priorities after cardiac catheterization?
Monitor site for bleeding, assess distal pulses, keep leg straight, monitor urine output for dye clearance
possible treatment plan for a pt. with chest pain
What is MONA ?
What’s the expected normal range for Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP), and why is it important?
What is 70–100 mm Hg? why does it ensure adequate organ perfusion?