Resp
The nurse knows that side effects of long-term glucocorticoid treatment include:
ACEI side effects include:
First dose orthostatic hypotension, dry nagging cough, hyperkalemia, rash, altered taste, angioedema, neutropenia
Pt is given a nitrate. The nurse expects what anticipated side effects?
Headache, orthostatic HTN, reflex tachycardia, tolerance
What type of medication is typically prescribed to prevent acute MI, prevent reinfarction, intermittent claudication, and acute coronary syndrome?
Aspirin (antiplatelet)
Antilipemic medication nursing actions education includes:
Avoid grapefruit juice, give orally in evening, with or without food, baseline lipid levels and period checks, monitor LFT and kidney function
A patient is taking expectorants. As a nurse we need to educate patient to:
Increase fluids, take with full glass of water, report is cough lasts >1 week, be careful with OTC meds (guaifenesin often combo med)
A nurse has a patient on loop diuretics. Side effects to look out for are:
Hypotension, ototoxicity, hypokalemia, dehydration, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, hypomagnesemia
This is the medication of choice for hypertensive crisis?
Nitroprusside (centrally acting vasodilator)
The antidote for heparin toxicity is ____ and how is it given?
Protamine sulfate, IV slowly (no more than 50mg in 10 min)
Why should statins be taken at night?
The liver produces the most cholesterol during sleep
B before C, wait 1 min btw puffs, keep diary of triggers, know difference between long and short acting, do not exceed prescribed doses, do not give at same time as beta blocker
What are the side effects expected from Beta1 and what are the side effects expected from Beta2 blockers?
1: bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, orthostatic hypotension, rebound myocardium excitation
2: bronchoconstriction, glycogenolysis inhibited
What route can a nitrate be given?
SL or spray (rapid onset, short acting), sustained release (slow onset, long acting), transdermal (slow onset, long duration), and topical ointment
What medication is used to prevent clotting but does not dissolve established clots?
Heparin
Complications from antilipemic statins meds include?
Hepatotoxicity and myopathy
Antihistamine side effects include:
This class of medication blocks vasoconstriction and therefore vasodilates arterioles and veins, relieving HTN?
Angiotensin II Receptor blockers (ARBs) -sartans
A patient reports chest pain. There is SL NTG ordered. What is the correct way to administer?
Put SL tab under tongue and rest. If pain unrelieved with 1 tab, call 911, take another tablet q15min up to 3 tabs. (Don't take more than 3 tabs)
A patient is prescribed coumadin. As a nurse we must monitor what labs? If there is concern for toxicity, what medication should be available?
Basleine PT and INR then periodically monitor; Vitamin K
What medication is intended to reduce triglycerides (VLDL) and increase HDL?
Antilipemic: Fibrates, gemfibrozil and fenofibrate
What type of medication blocks muscarinic receptors in bronchi, typically given to treat COPD bronchospasm, allergen or exercised induced bronchospasm?
Inhaled anticholinergics, ie Ipratropium (atrovent)
What are the side effects to be concerned about if a patient is on nifedipine?
Reflex tachycardia, acute toxicity, orthostatic HTN, peripheral edema
A patient reports nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, blurred vision and halos, confusion, lethargy, and cardiac arrhythmias. The nurse immediately is concerned about?
This type of medication dissolves clots that are already formed, particularly important in ischemic strokes
Thrombolytics, alteplase (tPA)
This medication is often combined with a statin to lower LDL and total cholesterol?
Cholesterol absorption inhibitor ezetimibe