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Antihypertensives
Blood Thinners
Statins
Diuretics
Miscellaneous
100
A persistent dry cough and angioedema is common adverse effect of this class of antihypertensives
What is Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE-Inhibitors)
100
Patients taking Warfarin (Coumadin) should minimize or not add to foods high in this vitamin? What types of foods does this include?
What is Vitamin K; Green leafy vegetables
100
What is a common adverse effect associated with Nicotinic Acid (Niacin)?
What is Flushing *Some patients are taught to take an Aspirin 1hr prior to taking their daily dose of Niacin.
100
What is the difference between the diuretics Spironolaction (Aldactone) and Furosemide (Lasix)?
What is Spironolactone is a potassium sparing diuretic. Furosemide is a Loop Diuretic.
100
The mechanism of action of Nitroglycerin.
What is relaxation of smooth muscle; Decreases BP, preload, and cardiac workload
200
These are meant to decrease the heart rate and cardiac output, which in turn lowers the blood pressure and makes the heart beat more slowly with less force
What is Beta Blockers (also known as Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents)
200
What laboratory tests measures the efficacy of Heparin?
What is Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)
200
The goal of why statins are prescribed to patients is to do what to cholesterol?
What is lower LDL (bad cholesterol) and raise HDL (good cholesterol) and lower triglyceride levels.
200
What is the name of a commonly used osmotic diuretic? How does it work?
What is Mannitol; this draws fluid out of the interstitial space by creating a pressure gradient.
200
It is important to monitor drug levels on this Cardiac Glycoside in order to prevent toxicity.
What is Digoxin.
300
A patient is going down for a Nuclear Stress Test. On their MAR they are taking....Aspirin 81mg daily, Protonix daily, Atenolol 50mg daily, Lisinopril 10mg daily, Ambien 10mg at night, Coumadin 2mg every evening. Which medication would you hold and why?
What is Atenolol 50mg (Beta Blocker) would be held that morning of testing because you want the elevation of the Heart Rate during the stress test.
300
Mr. A is going down for a Cardiac Cath at 9am. You see that he is on a Heparin gtt when you are receiving bedside report at 730am that is still infusing. What should you do and Why?
What is call the MD to make them aware of the Heparin gtt still infusing. Heparins need to be held 6hrs pre-procedure to prevent bleeding.
300
Name 3 different statin drugs.
What is Generic Name Brand Name atorvastatin Lipitor fluvastatin Lescol lovastatin Altoprev, Mevacor pitavastatin Livalo pravastatin Pravachol rosuvastatin Crestor simvastatin Zocor
300
What lab value might indicate an adverse response to hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril)?
What is Potassium (Hypokalemia), Glucose (Hyperglycemia)
300
You are caring for a patient that is going down for a Cardiac Cath this morning and he is taking Metoprolol XL 50mg daily, Aspirin 81mg daily, Glipizide 5mg daily, Lasix 20mg daily. What medication would you hold and why?
What is Glipizide 5mg daily; Hold morning of procedure because patient should be NPO and given this medication could cause the Blood Sugar to drop
400
Name the Five Classifications of First Line Antihypertensive Drugs
What is Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors, Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARB), Beta Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB), Diuretics (more specifically Thiazide Diuretics)
400
Name the class of medication that dissolves clots. Name the 2 conditions that this class of medication are indicated.
What is Thrombolytic Agents (t-PA, streptase, Activase);these are indicated for Acute MI and Ischemic (embolic) stroke
400
Patients that are taking a high dose of statin medication complain of this common side effect?
What is muscle pain and tenderness
400
What is important to teach a client who it taking a loop or thiazide diuretic?
What is take the medication early in the day to decrease nocturia; teach client to report any hearing loss (Lasix) or signs of gout
400
You are admitting a patient with a diagnosis of Irregular heart rate with nausea and vomiting. As you check in this patient and start your assessment the patient starts complaining of a yellow hue and spots in her vision. What is wrong with this patient?
What is she is suffering from Digoxin Toxicity Signs and Symptoms •Confusion •Irregular pulse •Loss of appetite •Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea •Palpitations •Vision changes (unusual), including blind spots, blurred vision, changes in how colors look, or seeing spots) •Decreased consciousness •Decreased urine output •Difficulty breathing when lying down •Excessive nighttime urination •Overall swelling
500
What is important to teach your Diabetic patient taking a Beta Blocker?
What is Tachycardiac (a symptom of Hypoglycemia) is often masked as a result of beta 1 blockade **Remember Beta 1 affect the Heart and Beta 2 affect the Lungs**
500
Explain what the difference is between Anticoagulants and Antiplatelet Agents. Name 1 medication in each group.
What is Anticoagulants - Helps to prevent harmful clots from forming in the blood vessels (also can prevent clots from getting larger and causing more serious problems); Antiplatelets - Helps to prevent clotting in patients who have had Heart Attack, unstable angina, ischemic strokes, TIA and other forms of cardiovascular disease Anticoagulant - Enoxaparin (Lovenox), Heparin, Warfarin (Coumadin) Antiplatelet - Aspirin, Clopidogrel (Plavix)
500
What is the adjunct treatment used with statins for patients that suffer from rhabdomyolysis? (This process occurs when muscle cells break down. As muscles collapse, a muscle protein is released into the bloodstream. This in turn can cause severe kidney problems.)
What is CoQ10
500
The nurse would question the health care provider if which type of diuretics is prescribed to a patient with gout?
What is Thiazide diuretics can cause hyperuricemia, which would exacerbate gout. (Chlorothiazide (Diuril), Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide), Metolazone (Zaroxolyn)
500
What is the goal line treatment therapy for a patient that is having chest pain.
What is MONA (Morphine, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin, Aspirin), EKG, call MD, Rapid Response