Hypertension
what are the parameters for the two stages of HTN?
Stage 1: 130-139 systolic or 80-89 diastolic
Stage 2: SBP > or equal to 140; DBP or equal to 90
High levels of this serum substance correlate most closely with CAD.
What is LDL
What assessment finding would be indicative of Right sided Heart failure?
JVD
Edema/weight gain
Hepatomegaly
Anorexia, nausea
Fatigue
Ascites
List 3 side/adverse effects of Lisinopril.
orthostatic hypotension, dry cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema, renal failure.
This test is done to quickly assess for a MI
what is a lead EKG
What categories of foods are part of the DASH diet?
rich fruit, veggies, low fat dairy products, reduced amounts of red meat, low sugar.
Activities that decrease serum cholesterol.
Diet: low fat, high fiber
smoking cessation
moderate ETOH intake
exercise
What are symptoms of acute left sided Heart Failure?
Tachypnea
shortness of breath
course crackles
decrease oxygen saturation.
Restlessness, change in LOC
This non opioid analgesic is used to decrease platelet aggregation.
What is Aspirin (ASA).
What are 5 teaching/lifestyle modifications for HTN
Weight management
stress management
Moderate alcohol
DASH diet
exercise: 30 min at least 5 days
What are possible risk factors of HTN?
Increase sodium intake
Overweight
Diabetes Mellitus
Excessive alcohol intake
smoking
What are clinical Manifestations of an acute MI
Pain
Nausea and vomiting
Diaphoresis
SOB
Fatigue
Low grade fever.
Intervention to decrease afterload in HF
Diuretics (Furosemide)
Beta Blockers (metoprolol)
NTG (Nitroglycerin)
ACE inhibitors (Lisinopril)
This med is admin q 5min for a max of 3 doses
What is Nitroglycerin
This Biochemical marker is assessed to evaluate for a MI.
what is Troponin
what are complications of HTN.
stroke
ESRD
CAD
Heart Failure
Used to reduce the production of serum cholesterol
Atorvastatin.
What are respiratory assessments of Heart Failure?
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Dyspnea/Tachypnea
Crackles/wheezing
pink tinged cough
This diuretic in use to reduce preload.
what is Hydrochlorothiazide.
Teach patient to avoid potassium rich diet when taking these meds.
what is Losartan & Lisinopril
List 4 target organs and their complications which are effected by HTN.
Cardiovascular: CAD, LVH, HF
Cerebrovascular: Atherosclerosis, stroke, carotid artery disease.
Peripheral Vascular (PVD)
Eyes: retinal damage
Renal: Nephrosclerosis, ESRD
Describe two symptoms of chronic stable angina.
pain that is new or pian that worsens.
Occurs at rest
Pain that is unpredictable
What are Red zone indications of Heart Failure?
Unrelieved SOB at rest Unrelieved chest pain
Wheezing or chest tightness
Weight gain or loss of more than 5 lbs.
The need to sit in a chair to sleep.
what are 2 nursing implications for digoxin.
1. monitor apical pulse for 1 min prior to admin.
2. hold in adults if HR <60, infants <90, school age <75
3. Monitor for toxicity
4. monitor K closely.
This lab test is used as a diagnosis of Heart Failure.
What is B-type Natriuretic Peptide