Name the Family
common suffix "statin"
What are HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors?
Your patient has recently been switched from Ramipril to Losartan due to
What is chronic dry cough
work by stimulating cholinergic receptors, mimicking the action of acetylcholine
What are cholinergic agonists (direct acting drugs)
First line treatment for angina, normally given SL tablet or translingual spray
What are nitroglycerin (nitrites)?
Decreases force of cardiac muscular contractions
What is negative Inotropic?
Common suffix "olol"
List all the routes nitrates can be administered
What are: po, IV, SL, transdermal, ointment, translinguinal
prevents breakdown of acetylcholinestrase
what are anticholinesterase drugs
Patient teaching for transdermal patch form of Nitroglycerine
What is apply new patch daily per schedule, remove old patch (fold into self and safely dispose of), avoid touching medication side of patch, rotate sites, usually wear for 12 hrs daily (require nitrate free period), do not wear more than one patch at a time, remove patch prior to defibrillation
Slowed heart rate
what is Negative Chronotropic?
Common suffix "dipine" plus verapamil & diltiazem
What are CCB, calcium channel blockers?
Reasons why patients may be taking Metoprolol
What are: post MI protective effects (block catecholamines) increase survival post MI, angina, hypertension, arrhythmia, possibly for migraines
Routes cholinergic agonists are usually administered
What are eyes, mouth, and skin (topically such as eye drops, orally, or subcut injection). Not IV or IM as immediately broken down by aceytlchlinersterase
work by blocking beta 1 adrenergic receptors
What are Beta Blockers?
ehnances electrical conduction through SA or AV nodes
What is positive dromotropic?
Common suffix "sartan"
What are Angiotensin II receptor antagonists?
These put patients at risk for digitalis toxicity
What are narrow therapeutic index, hypokalemia, drug interactions,
The early signs of cholinergic crisis use the acronym SLUDGE, what does it stand for?
SLUDGE (box pg 123)
S: Salivation
L: Lacrimation
U: Urinary Incontinence
D: Diarrhea
G: GI cramps
E: Emesis
if left untreated causes circulatory collapse, shock, cardiac arrest. Treat with cholinergic antagonists such as atropine
Inhibits the angiotensin converting enzyme, halting the production of angiotensin II
What are ACE inhibitors?
Assessment element(s) required prior to administering positive inotropic medications
What are history, drug allergy, contraindications, clinical parameters i.e. BP, apical pulse x 1 min, cardiac & resp ausculatation, weight, I/O, ECG, plus lab levels of K, Na, Mg, Ca, renal and liver function
Common suffix for ACE inhibitors
What is "pril"?
Class III antiarrythmic medications work by
What is blocking K+ efflux, blocking K+ channels thereby prolonging repolarization, used to treat atrial arrthymias (a fib, a flutter, and v fib), example Amiodarone
The effects of anticholinergic drugs
example Atropine What are: (opposite of cholingergic drugs) pupil dilation, decreased secretions (tears, saliva, GI), decreased GI motility,
Increased HR, conduction & contractility (BONUS what effect is this?)
Increased bladder sphincter constriction
In elderly A/E confusion, cognitive decline, delirium
What are "flu like symptoms" anorexia, n& v, visual disturbances, lethargy, bradycardia, heart block, tachydysrhytmias, elevated digoxin levels above 2ng/ml
Effects of Digoxin (cardiac glycoside)
+ve inotropic
-ve chronotropic-ve dromotropic