PUMP IT UP!
What chamber of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
Right Ventricle
Define preload in simple terms.
Stretch of ventricles at end-diastole
What does stenosis mean in terms of valves?
Valve does not open fully (narrowing)
Which side of heart failure causes pulmonary symptoms?
Left-sided HF
What infection causes vegetations on heart valves?
Endocarditis
Name the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle.
Mitral Valve
What hemodynamic parameter reflects afterload?
Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR)
What does regurgitation mean in terms of valves?
Valve does not close properly (backflow)
Which side of heart failure causes systemic edema?
Right-sided HF
What triad is associated with cardiac tamponade?
Beck’s Triad: hypotension, JVD, muffled heart sounds
What node is considered the heart’s natural pacemaker?
SA Node
What is the normal cardiac output range?
4-8 L/min
Name one type of aortic aneurysm.
Ascending, Thoracic, or Abdominal
What is a normal ejection fraction range?
50–70%
What ECG finding is classic for pericarditis?
Diffuse ST elevation
On a telemetry strip, what does the P wave represent?
Atrial depolarization
What happens to afterload in severe hypertension?
: It increases
What murmur is associated with mitral stenosis?
Diastolic murmur
What type of medication decreases preload by removing excess fluid?
Diuretics
What is the emergency intervention for tamponade?
Pericardiocentesis
Trace the simplified pathway of blood through the heart.
RA → RV → Lungs → LA → LV → Body
Which law/curve describes the relationship between preload and stroke volume?
Frank-Starling Law
Why is an aortic aneurysm dangerous?
Risk of rupture and life-threatening bleeding
Name one mechanical circulatory support device used in advanced HF.
LVAD, RVAD, or BVAD
What is the biggest nursing priority in endocarditis management?
Administer IV antibiotics for 2-6 weeks