Atrias
What are the primary functions of the right and left atria?
Act as receiving chambers for blood returning to the heart
Where are the ventricles located in the heart?
The ventricles are the two lower chambers of the heart, located below the atrias
What is the main purpose of the lungs?
To bring oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide
What is the main definition of external respiration?
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air in the lungs and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries
What is internal respiration?
It is the exchange of gases between the blood in systemic capillaries and the body's tissues
Why are the walls of the atria thinner than those of the ventricles?
The atria have thin walls because they only need to pump blood a short distance into the ventricles below them. The ventricles pump blood to the lungs or the entire body.
What is the main function of the ventricles?
Their main function is to receive blood from the Atrias and pump it out of the heart to the lungs or the rest of the body
Where are the lungs located in the body?
In the chest cavity, protected by the rib cage
Where does external respiration take place in the body?
The lungs
Where does internal respiration take place?
It occurs in the body tissues and systemic blood vessels
What is the "atrial kick" and why is it important?
The contraction of the atria that forces blood into the ventricles
Which ventricle pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs?
The right ventricle receives blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs
What is the tube called that carries air from your throat to your lungs?
The trachea or windpipe
What is the primary function of external respiration?
To replenish blood with oxygen and remove waste carbon dioxide
In which direction does oxygen move during internal respiration?
Oxygen moves from the blood into the tissues
What is the pacemaker of the heart, and where is it located?
The SA node (sinoatrial node) is the hearts internal pacemaker, It is located in the upper wall of the right atrium.
Which ventricle pumps oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body?
The left ventricle receives oxygenated blood from the lungs by the left atrium and pumps it out to the body through the aorta
What is the name of the muscle below the lungs that helps you breathe?
The diaphragm
What is another common name for the process of external respiration?
Breathing
What is the end result of internal respiration for the cells?
Cells receive oxygen, which they use for cellular respiration to produce energy
What vessels empty into the right atrium versus the left atrium?
The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava. The left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the four pulmonary veins.
What is the name of the muscular wall that separates the two ventricles?
The interventricular septum
How many lungs does a human have?
Two
Does carbon dioxide move into or out of the blood during external respiration?
Carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the alveoli to be exhaled
What process drives the exchange of gases in internal respiration?
Simple diffusion, which is driven by partial pressure gradients